Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models
The superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and functionality. The recent paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering toward the development of 3D in vitr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2662 |
| _version_ | 1797474953854976000 |
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| author | Somnath Maji Hyungseok Lee |
| author_facet | Somnath Maji Hyungseok Lee |
| author_sort | Somnath Maji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and functionality. The recent paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering toward the development of 3D in vitro models can be realized with its myriad of applications, including drug screening, developing alternative diagnostics, and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are considered the most suitable biomaterial for developing an in vitro model owing to their similarity in features to the extracellular microenvironment of native tissue. In this review article, recent progress in the use of hydrogel-based biomaterial for the development of 3D in vitro biomimetic tissue models is highlighted. Discussions of hydrogel sources and the latest hybrid system with different combinations of biopolymers are also presented. The hydrogel crosslinking mechanism and design consideration are summarized, followed by different types of available hydrogel module systems along with recent microfabrication technologies. We also present the latest developments in engineering hydrogel-based 3D in vitro models targeting specific tissues. Finally, we discuss the challenges surrounding current in vitro platforms and 3D models in the light of future perspectives for an improved biomimetic in vitro organ system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:37:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf4bcde704604545b106556cacd4e745 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:37:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf4bcde704604545b106556cacd4e7452023-11-23T23:07:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-02-01235266210.3390/ijms23052662Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro ModelsSomnath Maji0Hyungseok Lee1Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University (KNU), Chuncheon 24341, KoreaThe superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and functionality. The recent paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering toward the development of 3D in vitro models can be realized with its myriad of applications, including drug screening, developing alternative diagnostics, and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are considered the most suitable biomaterial for developing an in vitro model owing to their similarity in features to the extracellular microenvironment of native tissue. In this review article, recent progress in the use of hydrogel-based biomaterial for the development of 3D in vitro biomimetic tissue models is highlighted. Discussions of hydrogel sources and the latest hybrid system with different combinations of biopolymers are also presented. The hydrogel crosslinking mechanism and design consideration are summarized, followed by different types of available hydrogel module systems along with recent microfabrication technologies. We also present the latest developments in engineering hydrogel-based 3D in vitro models targeting specific tissues. Finally, we discuss the challenges surrounding current in vitro platforms and 3D models in the light of future perspectives for an improved biomimetic in vitro organ system.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2662in vitro modelhybrid hydrogelextracellular matrixmicroenvironment mimicking matrix |
| spellingShingle | Somnath Maji Hyungseok Lee Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models International Journal of Molecular Sciences in vitro model hybrid hydrogel extracellular matrix microenvironment mimicking matrix |
| title | Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models |
| title_full | Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models |
| title_fullStr | Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models |
| title_short | Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models |
| title_sort | engineering hydrogels for the development of three dimensional in vitro models |
| topic | in vitro model hybrid hydrogel extracellular matrix microenvironment mimicking matrix |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2662 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT somnathmaji engineeringhydrogelsforthedevelopmentofthreedimensionalinvitromodels AT hyungseoklee engineeringhydrogelsforthedevelopmentofthreedimensionalinvitromodels |