Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour
Nicotine addiction is a severe public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in key neurotransmissions after 60 days of withdrawal from seven weeks of intermittent cigarette smoke, e-cigarette vapours, or an e-cigarette vehicle. In the nicotine withdrawal groups, in...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/599 |
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| author | Lucia Carboni Luisa Ponzoni Daniela Braida Mariaelvina Sala Cecilia Gotti Michele Zoli |
| author_facet | Lucia Carboni Luisa Ponzoni Daniela Braida Mariaelvina Sala Cecilia Gotti Michele Zoli |
| author_sort | Lucia Carboni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nicotine addiction is a severe public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in key neurotransmissions after 60 days of withdrawal from seven weeks of intermittent cigarette smoke, e-cigarette vapours, or an e-cigarette vehicle. In the nicotine withdrawal groups, increased depressive and anxiety/obsessive–compulsive-like behaviours were demonstrated in the tail suspension, sucrose preference and marble burying tests. Cognitive impairments were detected in the spatial object recognition test. A significant increase in Corticotropin-releasing factor (Crf) and Crf1 mRNA levels was observed, specifically after cigarette withdrawal in the caudate-putamen nucleus (CPu). The nociceptin precursor levels were reduced by cigarette (80%) and e-cigarette (50%) withdrawal in the CPu. The delta opioid receptor showed a significant reduction in the hippocampus driven by the exposure to an e-cigarette solubilisation vehicle, while the mRNA levels doubled in the CPu of mice that had been exposed to e-cigarettes. Withdrawal after exposure to e-cigarette vapour induced a 35% Bdnf mRNA decrease in the hippocampus, whereas Bdnf was augmented by 118% by cigarette withdrawal in the CPu. This study shows that long-term withdrawal-induced affective and cognitive symptoms associated to lasting molecular alterations in peptidergic signalling may determine the impaired neuroplasticity in the hippocampal and striatal circuitry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:27:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf579c233d2c4bc0a49a8d5cefb5984c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:27:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf579c233d2c4bc0a49a8d5cefb5984c2023-12-03T12:35:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-0122259910.3390/ijms22020599Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette VapourLucia Carboni0Luisa Ponzoni1Daniela Braida2Mariaelvina Sala3Cecilia Gotti4Michele Zoli5Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Neuroscience, CNR, 20162 Milan, ItalyCenter for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, ItalyNicotine addiction is a severe public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in key neurotransmissions after 60 days of withdrawal from seven weeks of intermittent cigarette smoke, e-cigarette vapours, or an e-cigarette vehicle. In the nicotine withdrawal groups, increased depressive and anxiety/obsessive–compulsive-like behaviours were demonstrated in the tail suspension, sucrose preference and marble burying tests. Cognitive impairments were detected in the spatial object recognition test. A significant increase in Corticotropin-releasing factor (Crf) and Crf1 mRNA levels was observed, specifically after cigarette withdrawal in the caudate-putamen nucleus (CPu). The nociceptin precursor levels were reduced by cigarette (80%) and e-cigarette (50%) withdrawal in the CPu. The delta opioid receptor showed a significant reduction in the hippocampus driven by the exposure to an e-cigarette solubilisation vehicle, while the mRNA levels doubled in the CPu of mice that had been exposed to e-cigarettes. Withdrawal after exposure to e-cigarette vapour induced a 35% Bdnf mRNA decrease in the hippocampus, whereas Bdnf was augmented by 118% by cigarette withdrawal in the CPu. This study shows that long-term withdrawal-induced affective and cognitive symptoms associated to lasting molecular alterations in peptidergic signalling may determine the impaired neuroplasticity in the hippocampal and striatal circuitry.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/599e-cigarettenicotine addictionaddiction modelsnociceptinopioid peptidesopioid receptors |
| spellingShingle | Lucia Carboni Luisa Ponzoni Daniela Braida Mariaelvina Sala Cecilia Gotti Michele Zoli Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour International Journal of Molecular Sciences e-cigarette nicotine addiction addiction models nociceptin opioid peptides opioid receptors |
| title | Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour |
| title_full | Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour |
| title_fullStr | Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour |
| title_full_unstemmed | Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour |
| title_short | Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour |
| title_sort | altered mrna levels of stress related peptides in mouse hippocampus and caudate putamen in withdrawal after long term intermittent exposure to tobacco smoke or electronic cigarette vapour |
| topic | e-cigarette nicotine addiction addiction models nociceptin opioid peptides opioid receptors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/599 |
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