Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummary
Background and Aims: Mucoid structures that coat the epithelium play an essential role in keeping the intestinal microbiota at a safe distance from host cells. Encroachment of bacteria into the normally almost-sterile inner mucus layer has been observed in inflammatory bowel disease and in mouse mod...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2017-09-01
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| Series: | Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352345X17300759 |
| _version_ | 1818207482551468032 |
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| author | Benoit Chassaing Shreya M. Raja James D. Lewis Shanthi Srinivasan Andrew T. Gewirtz |
| author_facet | Benoit Chassaing Shreya M. Raja James D. Lewis Shanthi Srinivasan Andrew T. Gewirtz |
| author_sort | Benoit Chassaing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aims: Mucoid structures that coat the epithelium play an essential role in keeping the intestinal microbiota at a safe distance from host cells. Encroachment of bacteria into the normally almost-sterile inner mucus layer has been observed in inflammatory bowel disease and in mouse models of colitis. Moreover, such microbiota encroachment has also been observed in mouse models of metabolic syndrome, which are associated low-grade intestinal inflammation. Hence, we investigated if microbiota encroachment might correlate with indices of metabolic syndrome in humans. Methods: Confocal microscopy was used to measure bacterial-epithelial distance of the closest bacteria per high-powered field in colonic biopsies of all willing participants undergoing cancer screening colonoscopies. Results: We observed that, among all subjects, bacterial-epithelial distance was inversely correlated with body mass index, fasting glucose levels, and hemoglobin A1C. However, this correlation was driven by dysglycemic subjects, irrespective of body mass index, whereas the difference in bacterial-epithelial distance between obese and nonobese subjects was eliminated by removal of dysglycemic subjects. Conclusions: We conclude that microbiota encroachment is a feature of insulin resistanceâassociated dysglycemia in humans. Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Mucus Layer, Microbiota |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:29:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf64e6c56cb54af0ac648b5443ea0e11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-345X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:29:37Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf64e6c56cb54af0ac648b5443ea0e112022-12-22T00:38:07ZengElsevierCellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology2352-345X2017-09-0142205221Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummaryBenoit Chassaing0Shreya M. Raja1James D. Lewis2Shanthi Srinivasan3Andrew T. Gewirtz4Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GeorgiaDigestive Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GeorgiaPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaDigestive Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GeorgiaCenter for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; Digestive Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Correspondence Address correspondence to: Andrew T. Gewirtz, PhD, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303. fax: (404) 413â3580.Background and Aims: Mucoid structures that coat the epithelium play an essential role in keeping the intestinal microbiota at a safe distance from host cells. Encroachment of bacteria into the normally almost-sterile inner mucus layer has been observed in inflammatory bowel disease and in mouse models of colitis. Moreover, such microbiota encroachment has also been observed in mouse models of metabolic syndrome, which are associated low-grade intestinal inflammation. Hence, we investigated if microbiota encroachment might correlate with indices of metabolic syndrome in humans. Methods: Confocal microscopy was used to measure bacterial-epithelial distance of the closest bacteria per high-powered field in colonic biopsies of all willing participants undergoing cancer screening colonoscopies. Results: We observed that, among all subjects, bacterial-epithelial distance was inversely correlated with body mass index, fasting glucose levels, and hemoglobin A1C. However, this correlation was driven by dysglycemic subjects, irrespective of body mass index, whereas the difference in bacterial-epithelial distance between obese and nonobese subjects was eliminated by removal of dysglycemic subjects. Conclusions: We conclude that microbiota encroachment is a feature of insulin resistanceâassociated dysglycemia in humans. Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome, Mucus Layer, Microbiotahttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352345X17300759 |
| spellingShingle | Benoit Chassaing Shreya M. Raja James D. Lewis Shanthi Srinivasan Andrew T. Gewirtz Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummary Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology |
| title | Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummary |
| title_full | Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummary |
| title_fullStr | Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummary |
| title_full_unstemmed | Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummary |
| title_short | Colonic Microbiota Encroachment Correlates With Dysglycemia in HumansSummary |
| title_sort | colonic microbiota encroachment correlates with dysglycemia in humanssummary |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352345X17300759 |
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