Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by Atherosclerosis
Danlou tablet (DLT), a commercial Chinese patent medicine, has been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases for many years. Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy plays a vital role in the development of AS. Here we inve...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.730525/full |
| _version_ | 1818741795845046272 |
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| author | Li Wang Tong Wu Chunying Si He Wang Ke Yue Shasha Shang Xiaohui Li Yushan Chen Huaimin Guan |
| author_facet | Li Wang Tong Wu Chunying Si He Wang Ke Yue Shasha Shang Xiaohui Li Yushan Chen Huaimin Guan |
| author_sort | Li Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Danlou tablet (DLT), a commercial Chinese patent medicine, has been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases for many years. Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy plays a vital role in the development of AS. Here we investigated whether DLT could activate autophagy to improve AS and further clarified its underlying mechanisms. In an ApoE−/− mice model, the results of Oil red O, Masson’s trichrome, and H&E staining techniques showed that DLT significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and fibrosis formation in atherosclerotic plaque tissue. DLT also inhibited serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels and suppressed serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in ApoE−/− mice. Moreover, DLT suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of human vascular adventitial fibroblasts (HVAFs) by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In addition, western blot analysis showed that Danlou tablet treatment decreased the expression of p62 and increased Beclin 1 and LC3 I -to-LC3 II ratios in HVAFs. The role of autophagy in treating atherosclerosis by DLT is confirmed by 3-methyladenine (autophagy inhibitor) and rapamycin (autophagy activator) in HVAFs. In summary, DLT activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated autophagy of vascular adventitial fibroblasts to protect cells from damage caused by atherosclerosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T02:02:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf6afad25e8449d7a812bff9b5448a7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T02:02:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf6afad25e8449d7a812bff9b5448a7f2022-12-21T21:24:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122021-11-011210.3389/fphar.2021.730525730525Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by AtherosclerosisLi Wang0Tong Wu1Chunying Si2He Wang3Ke Yue4Shasha Shang5Xiaohui Li6Yushan Chen7Huaimin Guan8Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaThe First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaDanlou tablet (DLT), a commercial Chinese patent medicine, has been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases for many years. Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy plays a vital role in the development of AS. Here we investigated whether DLT could activate autophagy to improve AS and further clarified its underlying mechanisms. In an ApoE−/− mice model, the results of Oil red O, Masson’s trichrome, and H&E staining techniques showed that DLT significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and fibrosis formation in atherosclerotic plaque tissue. DLT also inhibited serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels and suppressed serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in ApoE−/− mice. Moreover, DLT suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of human vascular adventitial fibroblasts (HVAFs) by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In addition, western blot analysis showed that Danlou tablet treatment decreased the expression of p62 and increased Beclin 1 and LC3 I -to-LC3 II ratios in HVAFs. The role of autophagy in treating atherosclerosis by DLT is confirmed by 3-methyladenine (autophagy inhibitor) and rapamycin (autophagy activator) in HVAFs. In summary, DLT activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated autophagy of vascular adventitial fibroblasts to protect cells from damage caused by atherosclerosis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.730525/fullatherosclerosisdanlou tabletautophagyPI3K/AKT/mTORChinese patent medicine |
| spellingShingle | Li Wang Tong Wu Chunying Si He Wang Ke Yue Shasha Shang Xiaohui Li Yushan Chen Huaimin Guan Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by Atherosclerosis Frontiers in Pharmacology atherosclerosis danlou tablet autophagy PI3K/AKT/mTOR Chinese patent medicine |
| title | Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by Atherosclerosis |
| title_full | Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by Atherosclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by Atherosclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by Atherosclerosis |
| title_short | Danlou Tablet Activates Autophagy of Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to Protect Cells From Damage Caused by Atherosclerosis |
| title_sort | danlou tablet activates autophagy of vascular adventitial fibroblasts through pi3k akt mtor to protect cells from damage caused by atherosclerosis |
| topic | atherosclerosis danlou tablet autophagy PI3K/AKT/mTOR Chinese patent medicine |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.730525/full |
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