The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment
The uveal tract consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid; these three distinct tissues form a continuous layer within the eye. Uveitis refers to inflammation of any region of the uveal tract. Despite being grouped together anatomically, the iris, ciliary body and choroid are distinct f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.721953/full |
| _version_ | 1818401159974486016 |
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| author | Ian R. Reekie Srilakshmi Sharma Srilakshmi Sharma Andrew Foers Jonathan Sherlock Mark C. Coles Andrew D. Dick Andrew D. Dick Alastair K. Denniston Christopher D. Buckley Christopher D. Buckley |
| author_facet | Ian R. Reekie Srilakshmi Sharma Srilakshmi Sharma Andrew Foers Jonathan Sherlock Mark C. Coles Andrew D. Dick Andrew D. Dick Alastair K. Denniston Christopher D. Buckley Christopher D. Buckley |
| author_sort | Ian R. Reekie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The uveal tract consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid; these three distinct tissues form a continuous layer within the eye. Uveitis refers to inflammation of any region of the uveal tract. Despite being grouped together anatomically, the iris, ciliary body and choroid are distinct functionally, and inflammatory diseases may affect only one part and not the others. Cellular structure of tissues direct their function, and understanding the cellular basis of the immune environment of a tissue in health, the “steady state” on which the perturbations of disease are superimposed, is vital to understanding the pathogenesis of those diseases. A contemporary understanding of the immune system accepts that haematopoietic and yolk sac derived leukocytes, though vital, are not the only players of importance. An array of stromal cells, connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells, may also have a role in the inflammatory reaction seen in several immune-mediated diseases. In this review we summarise what is known about the cellular composition of the uveal tract and the roles these disparate cell types have to play in immune homeostasis. We also discuss some unanswered questions surrounding the constituents of the resident leukocyte population of the different uveal tissues, and we look ahead to the new understanding that modern investigative techniques such as single cell transcriptomics, multi-omic data integration and highly-multiplexed imaging techniques may bring to the study of the uvea and uveitis, as they already have to other immune mediated inflammatory diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:48:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf825a18d9a14d9e81bbab26e78ed53e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:48:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf825a18d9a14d9e81bbab26e78ed53e2022-12-21T23:10:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2021-10-01810.3389/fmed.2021.721953721953The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune EnvironmentIan R. Reekie0Srilakshmi Sharma1Srilakshmi Sharma2Andrew Foers3Jonathan Sherlock4Mark C. Coles5Andrew D. Dick6Andrew D. Dick7Alastair K. Denniston8Christopher D. Buckley9Christopher D. Buckley10The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomThe Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomOxford University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford, United KingdomThe Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomThe Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomThe Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomSchool of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United KingdomNational Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, University College London, London, United KingdomInstitute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United KingdomThe Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomInstitute for Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United KingdomThe uveal tract consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid; these three distinct tissues form a continuous layer within the eye. Uveitis refers to inflammation of any region of the uveal tract. Despite being grouped together anatomically, the iris, ciliary body and choroid are distinct functionally, and inflammatory diseases may affect only one part and not the others. Cellular structure of tissues direct their function, and understanding the cellular basis of the immune environment of a tissue in health, the “steady state” on which the perturbations of disease are superimposed, is vital to understanding the pathogenesis of those diseases. A contemporary understanding of the immune system accepts that haematopoietic and yolk sac derived leukocytes, though vital, are not the only players of importance. An array of stromal cells, connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells, may also have a role in the inflammatory reaction seen in several immune-mediated diseases. In this review we summarise what is known about the cellular composition of the uveal tract and the roles these disparate cell types have to play in immune homeostasis. We also discuss some unanswered questions surrounding the constituents of the resident leukocyte population of the different uveal tissues, and we look ahead to the new understanding that modern investigative techniques such as single cell transcriptomics, multi-omic data integration and highly-multiplexed imaging techniques may bring to the study of the uvea and uveitis, as they already have to other immune mediated inflammatory diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.721953/fulluveauveitisirisciliary bodychoroid |
| spellingShingle | Ian R. Reekie Srilakshmi Sharma Srilakshmi Sharma Andrew Foers Jonathan Sherlock Mark C. Coles Andrew D. Dick Andrew D. Dick Alastair K. Denniston Christopher D. Buckley Christopher D. Buckley The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment Frontiers in Medicine uvea uveitis iris ciliary body choroid |
| title | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
| title_full | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
| title_fullStr | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
| title_short | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
| title_sort | cellular composition of the uveal immune environment |
| topic | uvea uveitis iris ciliary body choroid |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.721953/full |
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