HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role?
Allergy is an inflammatory process determined by a cascade of immune events characterized by T-helper 2 lymphocytes polarization leading to interleukin-4 upregulation, IgE secretion, and mast cell and eosinophil activation. HLA-G molecules, both in membrane-bound and in soluble forms, are known to p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.789684/full |
| _version_ | 1828146087481835520 |
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| author | Simone Negrini Paola Contini Giuseppe Murdaca Francesco Puppo |
| author_facet | Simone Negrini Paola Contini Giuseppe Murdaca Francesco Puppo |
| author_sort | Simone Negrini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Allergy is an inflammatory process determined by a cascade of immune events characterized by T-helper 2 lymphocytes polarization leading to interleukin-4 upregulation, IgE secretion, and mast cell and eosinophil activation. HLA-G molecules, both in membrane-bound and in soluble forms, are known to play a key immunoregulatory role and their involvement in allergic diseases is supported by increasing literature data. HLA-G expression and secretion is specifically induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of allergic patients after in vitro incubation with the causal allergen. Elevated levels of soluble HLA-G molecules are detected in serum of patients with allergic rhinitis correlating with allergen-specific IgE levels, clinical severity, drug consumption and response to allergen-specific immunotherapy. HLA-G genetic polymorphisms confer susceptibility to allergic asthma development and high levels of soluble HLA-G molecules are found in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with allergic asthma correlating with allergen-specific IgE levels. Interestingly, allergic pregnant women have lower plasma sHLA-G levels than non-allergic women during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and at delivery. Finally, in allergic patients with atopic dermatitis HLA-G molecules are expressed by T cells, monocytes-macrophages and Langerhans cells infiltrating the dermis. Although at present is difficult to completely define the role of HLA-G molecules in allergic diseases, it may be suggested that they are specifically expressed and secreted by immune cells during the allergic reaction in an attempt to suppress allergic inflammation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:42:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf9999646233443c87e8dd50deedd937 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:42:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf9999646233443c87e8dd50deedd9372022-12-22T04:04:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-01-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.789684789684HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role?Simone NegriniPaola ContiniGiuseppe MurdacaFrancesco PuppoAllergy is an inflammatory process determined by a cascade of immune events characterized by T-helper 2 lymphocytes polarization leading to interleukin-4 upregulation, IgE secretion, and mast cell and eosinophil activation. HLA-G molecules, both in membrane-bound and in soluble forms, are known to play a key immunoregulatory role and their involvement in allergic diseases is supported by increasing literature data. HLA-G expression and secretion is specifically induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of allergic patients after in vitro incubation with the causal allergen. Elevated levels of soluble HLA-G molecules are detected in serum of patients with allergic rhinitis correlating with allergen-specific IgE levels, clinical severity, drug consumption and response to allergen-specific immunotherapy. HLA-G genetic polymorphisms confer susceptibility to allergic asthma development and high levels of soluble HLA-G molecules are found in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with allergic asthma correlating with allergen-specific IgE levels. Interestingly, allergic pregnant women have lower plasma sHLA-G levels than non-allergic women during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and at delivery. Finally, in allergic patients with atopic dermatitis HLA-G molecules are expressed by T cells, monocytes-macrophages and Langerhans cells infiltrating the dermis. Although at present is difficult to completely define the role of HLA-G molecules in allergic diseases, it may be suggested that they are specifically expressed and secreted by immune cells during the allergic reaction in an attempt to suppress allergic inflammation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.789684/fullHLA-Gsoluble HLA-Gallergyallergic rhinitisallergic asthma |
| spellingShingle | Simone Negrini Paola Contini Giuseppe Murdaca Francesco Puppo HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role? Frontiers in Immunology HLA-G soluble HLA-G allergy allergic rhinitis allergic asthma |
| title | HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role? |
| title_full | HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role? |
| title_fullStr | HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role? |
| title_full_unstemmed | HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role? |
| title_short | HLA-G in Allergy: Does It Play an Immunoregulatory Role? |
| title_sort | hla g in allergy does it play an immunoregulatory role |
| topic | HLA-G soluble HLA-G allergy allergic rhinitis allergic asthma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.789684/full |
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