Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates
Label-free biosensors are plagued by the issue of non-specific protein binding which negatively affects sensing parameters such as sensitivity, selectivity, and limit-of-detection. In the current work, we explore the possibility of using the Rayleigh waves in ST-Quartz devices to efficiently remove...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4096 |
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| author | Mandek Richardson Pradipta K. Das Samuel Morrill Kamlesh J. Suthar Subramanian K. R. S. Sankaranarayanan Venkat R. Bhethanabotla |
| author_facet | Mandek Richardson Pradipta K. Das Samuel Morrill Kamlesh J. Suthar Subramanian K. R. S. Sankaranarayanan Venkat R. Bhethanabotla |
| author_sort | Mandek Richardson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Label-free biosensors are plagued by the issue of non-specific protein binding which negatively affects sensing parameters such as sensitivity, selectivity, and limit-of-detection. In the current work, we explore the possibility of using the Rayleigh waves in ST-Quartz devices to efficiently remove non-specifically bound proteins via acoustic streaming. A coupled-field finite element (FE) fluid structure interaction (FSI) model of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device based on ST-Quartz substrate in contact with a liquid loading was first used to predict trends in forces related to SAW-induced acoustic streaming. Based on model predictions, it is found that the computed SAW body force is sufficient to overcome adhesive forces between particles and a surface while lift and drag forces prevent reattachment for a range of SAW frequencies. We further performed experiments to validate the model predictions and observe that the excitation of Rayleigh SAWs removed non-specifically bound (NSB) antigens and antibodies from sensing and non-sensing regions, while rinsing and blocking agents were ineffective. An amplified RF signal applied to the device input disrupted the specific interactions between antigens and their capture antibody as well. ST-quartz allows propagation of Rayleigh and leaky SH-SAW waves in orthogonal directions. Thus, the results reported here could allow integration of three important biosensor functions on a single chip, i.e., removal of non-specific binding, mixing, and sensing in the liquid phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:14Z |
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| id | doaj.art-bf9ca9fe5cc247089ac3311d1bd89afc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:53:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf9ca9fe5cc247089ac3311d1bd89afc2023-11-23T14:48:35ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-05-012211409610.3390/s22114096Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz SubstratesMandek Richardson0Pradipta K. Das1Samuel Morrill2Kamlesh J. Suthar3Subramanian K. R. S. Sankaranarayanan4Venkat R. Bhethanabotla5Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USADepartment of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USADepartment of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USACenter for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USACenter for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USADepartment of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USALabel-free biosensors are plagued by the issue of non-specific protein binding which negatively affects sensing parameters such as sensitivity, selectivity, and limit-of-detection. In the current work, we explore the possibility of using the Rayleigh waves in ST-Quartz devices to efficiently remove non-specifically bound proteins via acoustic streaming. A coupled-field finite element (FE) fluid structure interaction (FSI) model of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device based on ST-Quartz substrate in contact with a liquid loading was first used to predict trends in forces related to SAW-induced acoustic streaming. Based on model predictions, it is found that the computed SAW body force is sufficient to overcome adhesive forces between particles and a surface while lift and drag forces prevent reattachment for a range of SAW frequencies. We further performed experiments to validate the model predictions and observe that the excitation of Rayleigh SAWs removed non-specifically bound (NSB) antigens and antibodies from sensing and non-sensing regions, while rinsing and blocking agents were ineffective. An amplified RF signal applied to the device input disrupted the specific interactions between antigens and their capture antibody as well. ST-quartz allows propagation of Rayleigh and leaky SH-SAW waves in orthogonal directions. Thus, the results reported here could allow integration of three important biosensor functions on a single chip, i.e., removal of non-specific binding, mixing, and sensing in the liquid phase.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4096antibodyantigenbiosensingnon-specific bindingRayleigh wavessurface acoustic wave (SAW) |
| spellingShingle | Mandek Richardson Pradipta K. Das Samuel Morrill Kamlesh J. Suthar Subramanian K. R. S. Sankaranarayanan Venkat R. Bhethanabotla Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates Sensors antibody antigen biosensing non-specific binding Rayleigh waves surface acoustic wave (SAW) |
| title | Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates |
| title_full | Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates |
| title_fullStr | Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates |
| title_short | Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates |
| title_sort | removal of non specifically bound proteins using rayleigh waves generated on st quartz substrates |
| topic | antibody antigen biosensing non-specific binding Rayleigh waves surface acoustic wave (SAW) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/11/4096 |
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