Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i>
Reniform nematodes of the genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> are semi-endoparasites of numerous herbaceous and woody plant roots that occur largely in regions with temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates. In this study, we compared 12 populations of <i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/1/7 |
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| author | Juan E. Palomares-Rius Ilenia Clavero-Camacho Antonio Archidona-Yuste Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Guillermo León-Ropero Sigal Braun Miyara Gerrit Karssen Pablo Castillo |
| author_facet | Juan E. Palomares-Rius Ilenia Clavero-Camacho Antonio Archidona-Yuste Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Guillermo León-Ropero Sigal Braun Miyara Gerrit Karssen Pablo Castillo |
| author_sort | Juan E. Palomares-Rius |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reniform nematodes of the genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> are semi-endoparasites of numerous herbaceous and woody plant roots that occur largely in regions with temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates. In this study, we compared 12 populations of <i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>borealis</i> and 16 populations of <i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>macrosoma</i>, including paratypes deposited in nematode collections, confirming that morphological characters between both nematode species do not support their separation. In addition, analysis of molecular markers using nuclear ribosomal DNA (<i>28S</i>, <i>ITS1</i>) and mitochondrial DNA (<i>coxI</i>) genes, as well as phylogenetic approaches, confirmed the synonymy of <i>R. macrosoma</i> with <i>R. borealis</i>. This study also demonstrated that <i>R. borealis</i> (= <i>macrosoma</i>) from Israel has two distinct rRNA gene types in the genome, specifically the two types of <i>D2-D3</i> (A and B). We provide a global geographical distribution of the genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i>. The two major pathogenic species (<i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>reniformis</i> and <i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>parvus</i>) showed their close relationship with warmer areas with high annual mean temperature, maximum temperature of the warmest month, and minimum temperature of the coldest month. The present study confirms the extraordinary morphological and molecular diversity of <i>R. borealis</i> in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East and comprises a paradigmatic example of remarkable flexibility of ecological requirements within reniform nematodes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:49:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bfa7025b83dd4c4b9ff673658ce4df22 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:49:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-bfa7025b83dd4c4b9ff673658ce4df222023-11-21T02:15:14ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-12-01101710.3390/plants10010007Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i>Juan E. Palomares-Rius0Ilenia Clavero-Camacho1Antonio Archidona-Yuste2Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete3Guillermo León-Ropero4Sigal Braun Miyara5Gerrit Karssen6Pablo Castillo7Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, SpainInstituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, SpainHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Department of Ecological Modelling, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, GermanyInstituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, SpainInstituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Department of Entomology, Bet Dagan 50250, IsraelNematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumInstituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda, Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, SpainReniform nematodes of the genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> are semi-endoparasites of numerous herbaceous and woody plant roots that occur largely in regions with temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates. In this study, we compared 12 populations of <i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>borealis</i> and 16 populations of <i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>macrosoma</i>, including paratypes deposited in nematode collections, confirming that morphological characters between both nematode species do not support their separation. In addition, analysis of molecular markers using nuclear ribosomal DNA (<i>28S</i>, <i>ITS1</i>) and mitochondrial DNA (<i>coxI</i>) genes, as well as phylogenetic approaches, confirmed the synonymy of <i>R. macrosoma</i> with <i>R. borealis</i>. This study also demonstrated that <i>R. borealis</i> (= <i>macrosoma</i>) from Israel has two distinct rRNA gene types in the genome, specifically the two types of <i>D2-D3</i> (A and B). We provide a global geographical distribution of the genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i>. The two major pathogenic species (<i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>reniformis</i> and <i>Rotylenchulus</i><i>parvus</i>) showed their close relationship with warmer areas with high annual mean temperature, maximum temperature of the warmest month, and minimum temperature of the coldest month. The present study confirms the extraordinary morphological and molecular diversity of <i>R. borealis</i> in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East and comprises a paradigmatic example of remarkable flexibility of ecological requirements within reniform nematodes.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/1/7Bayesian inferencecytochrome c oxidase subunit 1distribution<i>D2-D3</i> expansion domains of <i>28S</i> rRNA gene<i>ITS1</i>phylogeny |
| spellingShingle | Juan E. Palomares-Rius Ilenia Clavero-Camacho Antonio Archidona-Yuste Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Guillermo León-Ropero Sigal Braun Miyara Gerrit Karssen Pablo Castillo Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i> Plants Bayesian inference cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 distribution <i>D2-D3</i> expansion domains of <i>28S</i> rRNA gene <i>ITS1</i> phylogeny |
| title | Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i> |
| title_full | Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i> |
| title_fullStr | Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i> |
| title_short | Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus <i>Rotylenchulus</i> with the Synonymy of <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>macrosoma</i> with <i>Rotylenchulus</i> <i>borealis</i> |
| title_sort | global distribution of the reniform nematode genus i rotylenchulus i with the synonymy of i rotylenchulus i i macrosoma i with i rotylenchulus i i borealis i |
| topic | Bayesian inference cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 distribution <i>D2-D3</i> expansion domains of <i>28S</i> rRNA gene <i>ITS1</i> phylogeny |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/1/7 |
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