An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients
Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is the major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death claiming an esti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
| Published: |
Sankt-Peterburg : NIIÈM imeni Pastera
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Инфекция и иммунитет |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/viewFile/1765/1322 |
| _version_ | 1811186702196146176 |
|---|---|
| author | N. Rimpova V. Valcheva A. Tsakova H. Shivachev D. Iliev |
| author_facet | N. Rimpova V. Valcheva A. Tsakova H. Shivachev D. Iliev |
| author_sort | N. Rimpova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is the major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death claiming an estimated 800 000 childrens lives in 2018. Globally, over 1.23 million children died of pneumonia before reaching their 5th birthday the equivalent of over 3400 deaths per day worldwide. There is growing evidence that vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D is an additional factor in the inflammatory response regulation. Its action is mediated via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in almost all types of immune cells, including activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with decreased host defenses against infections. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether low vitamin D status was a risk factor for pneumonia complications, usage of multiple antibiotics and prolonged hospital stay among hospitalized pediatric patients with community-aquired pneumonia. Total of 200 children (102 healthy controls and 98 with severe pneumonia) from 11 days to 17 years old were included in the study. Cases with severe pneumonia were subdivided into groups with and without complications (36 and 62, respectively). Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The control group showed lower values than the study group. Cases with complicated pneumonia had significantly lower levels whitin the range of 29.768.0 nmol/l, compared with 49.188.6 nmol/l in cases without complications. A significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D concentrations and duration of hospital stay, the number of antibiotics used for treatment, and serum levels of inflammatory markers. The low status of vitamin D is related to the severity of the disease but has not been associated with the incidence/frequency of the disease. Children with low vitamin D levels may be at higher risk of developing life-threatening complications, intensive care admissions and a higher inflammatory response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:50:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bfb065c754ad4cf99377c5d4f4be4c69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2220-7619 2313-7398 |
| language | Russian |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:50:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Sankt-Peterburg : NIIÈM imeni Pastera |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Инфекция и иммунитет |
| spelling | doaj.art-bfb065c754ad4cf99377c5d4f4be4c692022-12-22T04:20:41ZrusSankt-Peterburg : NIIÈM imeni PasteraИнфекция и иммунитет2220-76192313-73982022-05-0112237338010.15789/2220-7619-AAB-17651147An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patientsN. Rimpova0V. Valcheva1A. Tsakova2H. Shivachev3D. Iliev4Children’s Hospital of the Medical University of SofiaStephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology of the Bulgarian Academy of SciencesAleksandrovska Hospital of the Medical University of SofiaN.I. Pirogov University Hospital for Emergency MedicineChildren’s Hospital of the Medical University of SofiaLower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is the major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death claiming an estimated 800 000 childrens lives in 2018. Globally, over 1.23 million children died of pneumonia before reaching their 5th birthday the equivalent of over 3400 deaths per day worldwide. There is growing evidence that vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D is an additional factor in the inflammatory response regulation. Its action is mediated via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in almost all types of immune cells, including activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with decreased host defenses against infections. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether low vitamin D status was a risk factor for pneumonia complications, usage of multiple antibiotics and prolonged hospital stay among hospitalized pediatric patients with community-aquired pneumonia. Total of 200 children (102 healthy controls and 98 with severe pneumonia) from 11 days to 17 years old were included in the study. Cases with severe pneumonia were subdivided into groups with and without complications (36 and 62, respectively). Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The control group showed lower values than the study group. Cases with complicated pneumonia had significantly lower levels whitin the range of 29.768.0 nmol/l, compared with 49.188.6 nmol/l in cases without complications. A significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D concentrations and duration of hospital stay, the number of antibiotics used for treatment, and serum levels of inflammatory markers. The low status of vitamin D is related to the severity of the disease but has not been associated with the incidence/frequency of the disease. Children with low vitamin D levels may be at higher risk of developing life-threatening complications, intensive care admissions and a higher inflammatory response.https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/viewFile/1765/1322severe pneumoniaserum 25-hydroxyvitamin dchildrenvitamin d supplementationinflammatory markers |
| spellingShingle | N. Rimpova V. Valcheva A. Tsakova H. Shivachev D. Iliev An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients Инфекция и иммунитет severe pneumonia serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d children vitamin d supplementation inflammatory markers |
| title | An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients |
| title_full | An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients |
| title_fullStr | An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients |
| title_short | An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients |
| title_sort | association between low vitamin d status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients |
| topic | severe pneumonia serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d children vitamin d supplementation inflammatory markers |
| url | https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/viewFile/1765/1322 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nrimpova anassociationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT vvalcheva anassociationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT atsakova anassociationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT hshivachev anassociationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT diliev anassociationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT nrimpova associationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT vvalcheva associationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT atsakova associationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT hshivachev associationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients AT diliev associationbetweenlowvitamindstatusandchildhoodpneumoniaseverityinhospitalizedbulgarianpatients |