Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based Diseases
Vitamin D (vit D) is widely known for its role in calcium metabolism and its importance for the bone system. However, various studies have revealed a myriad of extra-skeletal functions, including cell differentiation and proliferation, antibacterial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/767 |
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| author | Michael F. Holick Luciana Mazzei Sebastián García Menéndez Virna Margarita Martín Giménez Fatme Al Anouti Walter Manucha |
| author_facet | Michael F. Holick Luciana Mazzei Sebastián García Menéndez Virna Margarita Martín Giménez Fatme Al Anouti Walter Manucha |
| author_sort | Michael F. Holick |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vitamin D (vit D) is widely known for its role in calcium metabolism and its importance for the bone system. However, various studies have revealed a myriad of extra-skeletal functions, including cell differentiation and proliferation, antibacterial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties in various cells and tissues. Vit D mediates its function via regulation of gene expression by binding to its receptor (VDR) which is expressed in almost all cells within the body. This review summarizes the pleiotropic effects of vit D, emphasizing its anti-inflammatory effect on different organ systems. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and epigenetic effects of vit D and VDR on the expression of genes pertaining to immunity and anti-inflammation. We speculate that in the context of inflammation, vit D and its receptor VDR might fulfill their roles as gene regulators through not only direct gene regulation but also through epigenetic mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:30:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bfbbeddc79fe421b9577812ccecb1f21 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:30:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-bfbbeddc79fe421b9577812ccecb1f212023-11-16T17:41:39ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-02-0115376710.3390/nu15030767Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based DiseasesMichael F. Holick0Luciana Mazzei1Sebastián García Menéndez2Virna Margarita Martín Giménez3Fatme Al Anouti4Walter Manucha5Section on Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition & Weight Management, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USAInstituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaInstituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaInstituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan 5400, ArgentinaDepartment of Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab EmiratesInstituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaVitamin D (vit D) is widely known for its role in calcium metabolism and its importance for the bone system. However, various studies have revealed a myriad of extra-skeletal functions, including cell differentiation and proliferation, antibacterial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties in various cells and tissues. Vit D mediates its function via regulation of gene expression by binding to its receptor (VDR) which is expressed in almost all cells within the body. This review summarizes the pleiotropic effects of vit D, emphasizing its anti-inflammatory effect on different organ systems. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and epigenetic effects of vit D and VDR on the expression of genes pertaining to immunity and anti-inflammation. We speculate that in the context of inflammation, vit D and its receptor VDR might fulfill their roles as gene regulators through not only direct gene regulation but also through epigenetic mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/767vitamin Dgeneticgenomicepigeneticimmunityinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Michael F. Holick Luciana Mazzei Sebastián García Menéndez Virna Margarita Martín Giménez Fatme Al Anouti Walter Manucha Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based Diseases Nutrients vitamin D genetic genomic epigenetic immunity inflammation |
| title | Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based Diseases |
| title_full | Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based Diseases |
| title_short | Genomic or Non-Genomic? A Question about the Pleiotropic Roles of Vitamin D in Inflammatory-Based Diseases |
| title_sort | genomic or non genomic a question about the pleiotropic roles of vitamin d in inflammatory based diseases |
| topic | vitamin D genetic genomic epigenetic immunity inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/767 |
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