Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Macrophages

Influenza A virus (IAV) has the potential to cause pandemics with considerable health and socio-economic burdens. A viral protein, polymerase basic 1- frame2 (PB1-F2), as a virulence factor, has pro-apoptotic activity and contributes to viral pathogenesis by delaying viral clearance and inducing inf...

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Main Authors: Kurosh Kalantar, Zahra Farzaneh, Nasser Gholijani, Seyed Younes Hosseini, Ebrahim Bani Hasan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2020-05-01
Series:Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2366
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author Kurosh Kalantar
Zahra Farzaneh
Nasser Gholijani
Seyed Younes Hosseini
Ebrahim Bani Hasan
author_facet Kurosh Kalantar
Zahra Farzaneh
Nasser Gholijani
Seyed Younes Hosseini
Ebrahim Bani Hasan
author_sort Kurosh Kalantar
collection DOAJ
description Influenza A virus (IAV) has the potential to cause pandemics with considerable health and socio-economic burdens. A viral protein, polymerase basic 1- frame2 (PB1-F2), as a virulence factor, has pro-apoptotic activity and contributes to viral pathogenesis by delaying viral clearance and inducing inflammation. Macrophages are susceptible to IAV infection and produce high levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In the present study, the pro-inflammatory effects of PB1-F2 derived peptide was evaluated by measuring the expression of key inflammatory mediators in murine macrophage cell line J774.1. PB1-F2 treated macrophages were examined for nitric oxide (NO) production, inflammatory cytokines, and enzymes expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion using Griess reagent, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ELISA, respectively. Our results have shown that PB1-F2 peptide at non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.1–0.8 µmol/mL) had no effect on NO production. When applied to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages, PB1-F2 peptide at 0.8 μmol/mLincreasedinducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and interleukin (IL)-6 genes expression to 2.02, 3.81, and 3.65 folds, respectively. PB1-F2 at concentrations of 0.4 and 0.8 µm/mL increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α transcription by 4.15 and 5.55 fold. At posttranslational level, TNF-α increased from 166.5±13.88 in LPS-treated cells to 773.6±95.27 and 1485±76.31 at concentrations of 0.4 and 0.8 μmol/mL in PB1-F2 peptide, respectively. However, PB1-F2 Peptide did not have any significant effect on IL-6 production. These findings suggest that PB1-F2 peptide may partly exert its enhancing role in viral pathogenicity through the induction of inflammatory mediators in macrophages. Hence, targeting PB1-F2 peptide would be helpful in the reduction of viral infection complications.
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spelling doaj.art-bfde57f955294317b77c68423ead82c82022-12-22T01:19:02ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology1735-15021735-52492020-05-0119S110.18502/ijaai.v19i(s1.r1).28632366Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated MacrophagesKurosh Kalantar0Zahra Farzaneh1Nasser Gholijani2Seyed Younes Hosseini3Ebrahim Bani Hasan4Department of Immunology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Immunology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranAutoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranAustralian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia AND Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St. Albans, VIC, AustraliaInfluenza A virus (IAV) has the potential to cause pandemics with considerable health and socio-economic burdens. A viral protein, polymerase basic 1- frame2 (PB1-F2), as a virulence factor, has pro-apoptotic activity and contributes to viral pathogenesis by delaying viral clearance and inducing inflammation. Macrophages are susceptible to IAV infection and produce high levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In the present study, the pro-inflammatory effects of PB1-F2 derived peptide was evaluated by measuring the expression of key inflammatory mediators in murine macrophage cell line J774.1. PB1-F2 treated macrophages were examined for nitric oxide (NO) production, inflammatory cytokines, and enzymes expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion using Griess reagent, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ELISA, respectively. Our results have shown that PB1-F2 peptide at non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.1–0.8 µmol/mL) had no effect on NO production. When applied to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages, PB1-F2 peptide at 0.8 μmol/mLincreasedinducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and interleukin (IL)-6 genes expression to 2.02, 3.81, and 3.65 folds, respectively. PB1-F2 at concentrations of 0.4 and 0.8 µm/mL increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α transcription by 4.15 and 5.55 fold. At posttranslational level, TNF-α increased from 166.5±13.88 in LPS-treated cells to 773.6±95.27 and 1485±76.31 at concentrations of 0.4 and 0.8 μmol/mL in PB1-F2 peptide, respectively. However, PB1-F2 Peptide did not have any significant effect on IL-6 production. These findings suggest that PB1-F2 peptide may partly exert its enhancing role in viral pathogenicity through the induction of inflammatory mediators in macrophages. Hence, targeting PB1-F2 peptide would be helpful in the reduction of viral infection complications.https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2366InflammationInfluenza A virusMacrophagePolymerase basic–frame-2
spellingShingle Kurosh Kalantar
Zahra Farzaneh
Nasser Gholijani
Seyed Younes Hosseini
Ebrahim Bani Hasan
Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Macrophages
Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
Inflammation
Influenza A virus
Macrophage
Polymerase basic–frame-2
title Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Macrophages
title_full Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Macrophages
title_fullStr Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Macrophages
title_full_unstemmed Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Macrophages
title_short Pro-inflammatory Effects of Influenza Type A Virus PB1-F2 Protein-derived Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide-treated Macrophages
title_sort pro inflammatory effects of influenza type a virus pb1 f2 protein derived peptide in lipopolysaccharide treated macrophages
topic Inflammation
Influenza A virus
Macrophage
Polymerase basic–frame-2
url https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2366
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