Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing Effect
<i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> (Leguminosae), commonly known as “white kidney bean”, is a twining perennial vine whose fruit has been used as a popular food worldwide owing to its high nutritional content, in terms of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamin...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| author | Yong Hoon Lee Joo-Hyun Hong Kun Hee Park Seon-Hee Kim Jin-Chul Kim Do Hoon Kim Yu Hwa Park Kye Wan Lee Jung Kyu Kim Ki Hyun Kim |
| author_facet | Yong Hoon Lee Joo-Hyun Hong Kun Hee Park Seon-Hee Kim Jin-Chul Kim Do Hoon Kim Yu Hwa Park Kye Wan Lee Jung Kyu Kim Ki Hyun Kim |
| author_sort | Yong Hoon Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> (Leguminosae), commonly known as “white kidney bean”, is a twining perennial vine whose fruit has been used as a popular food worldwide owing to its high nutritional content, in terms of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins. As part of our ongoing study to investigate novel bioactive components from various natural resources, a phytochemical investigation of the extract of <i>P. multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> fruits resulted in the isolation of three phenolic compounds (<b>1–</b><b>3</b>) and one dipeptide (<b>4</b>). The chemical structures of the compounds (<b>1–4</b>) were determined through 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution-liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; they were identified as denatonium (<b>1</b>), <i>trans</i>-ferulic acid ethyl ester (<b>2</b>), eugenin (<b>3</b>), and α-L-glutamyl-L-Leucine (<b>4</b>). Intriguingly, denatonium (<b>1</b>) is known to be the most bitter chemical compound. To the best of our knowledge, denatonium (<b>1</b>) was identified from natural sources for the first time, and compounds <b>2–4</b> were reported for the first time from <i>P. multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> in this study; however, compound <b>2</b> turned out to be an artifact produced by an extraction with ethanol. The isolated compounds <b>1–</b><b>4</b> were tested for their regulatory effects on the differentiation between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Compound <b>4</b> slightly suppressed the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs, and compounds <b>1</b> and <b>4</b> stimulated osteogenic differentiation, unlike the negative control. These findings provide experimental evidence that compounds <b>1</b> and <b>4</b> may induce the osteogenesis of MSCs and activate bone formation. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:15:35Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-bfeb702b179a4af28777cfb26581bfe62023-11-22T19:45:31ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-10-011010220510.3390/plants10102205Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing EffectYong Hoon Lee0Joo-Hyun Hong1Kun Hee Park2Seon-Hee Kim3Jin-Chul Kim4Do Hoon Kim5Yu Hwa Park6Kye Wan Lee7Jung Kyu Kim8Ki Hyun Kim9School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaSchool of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaSungkyun Biotech Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, KoreaNatural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, KoreaR&D Center, Dongkook Pharm. Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, KoreaR&D Center, Dongkook Pharm. Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, KoreaR&D Center, Dongkook Pharm. Co., Ltd., Suwon 16229, KoreaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, KoreaSchool of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea<i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> (Leguminosae), commonly known as “white kidney bean”, is a twining perennial vine whose fruit has been used as a popular food worldwide owing to its high nutritional content, in terms of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins. As part of our ongoing study to investigate novel bioactive components from various natural resources, a phytochemical investigation of the extract of <i>P. multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> fruits resulted in the isolation of three phenolic compounds (<b>1–</b><b>3</b>) and one dipeptide (<b>4</b>). The chemical structures of the compounds (<b>1–4</b>) were determined through 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution-liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; they were identified as denatonium (<b>1</b>), <i>trans</i>-ferulic acid ethyl ester (<b>2</b>), eugenin (<b>3</b>), and α-L-glutamyl-L-Leucine (<b>4</b>). Intriguingly, denatonium (<b>1</b>) is known to be the most bitter chemical compound. To the best of our knowledge, denatonium (<b>1</b>) was identified from natural sources for the first time, and compounds <b>2–4</b> were reported for the first time from <i>P. multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> in this study; however, compound <b>2</b> turned out to be an artifact produced by an extraction with ethanol. The isolated compounds <b>1–</b><b>4</b> were tested for their regulatory effects on the differentiation between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Compound <b>4</b> slightly suppressed the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs, and compounds <b>1</b> and <b>4</b> stimulated osteogenic differentiation, unlike the negative control. These findings provide experimental evidence that compounds <b>1</b> and <b>4</b> may induce the osteogenesis of MSCs and activate bone formation.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2205<i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i>Leguminosaewhite kidney beandenatoniumosteogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Yong Hoon Lee Joo-Hyun Hong Kun Hee Park Seon-Hee Kim Jin-Chul Kim Do Hoon Kim Yu Hwa Park Kye Wan Lee Jung Kyu Kim Ki Hyun Kim Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing Effect Plants <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> Leguminosae white kidney bean denatonium osteogenesis |
| title | Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing Effect |
| title_full | Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing Effect |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing Effect |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing Effect |
| title_short | Phytochemical Investigation of Bioactive Compounds from White Kidney Beans (Fruits of <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>Albus</i>): Identification of Denatonium with Osteogenesis-Inducing Effect |
| title_sort | phytochemical investigation of bioactive compounds from white kidney beans fruits of i phaseolus multiflorus i var i albus i identification of denatonium with osteogenesis inducing effect |
| topic | <i>Phaseolus multiflorus</i> var. <i>albus</i> Leguminosae white kidney bean denatonium osteogenesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/10/2205 |
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