Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry
Mechanical alloying is one of the popular, simple, and easy powder metallurgy methods to prepare nanostructured high entropy alloys (HEA). HEAs are modern-day alloys that exhibit significantly improved properties and are used in many unique applications. One such application is using HEA powders for...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Materials Research Express |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/acd3d7 |
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| author | Shashanka Rajendrachari Vinayak M Adimule Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash Anup Pandith |
| author_facet | Shashanka Rajendrachari Vinayak M Adimule Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash Anup Pandith |
| author_sort | Shashanka Rajendrachari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mechanical alloying is one of the popular, simple, and easy powder metallurgy methods to prepare nanostructured high entropy alloys (HEA). HEAs are modern-day alloys that exhibit significantly improved properties and are used in many unique applications. One such application is using HEA powders for determining the methylene blue dye in wastewater using cyclic voltammetry. We have successfully synthesized the HEA powder of composition 25Fe-19Cr-19Ni-18Ti-19Mn by planetary ball mill and studied their phases, surface morphology, and particle sizes by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) respectively. We have fabricated the HEA-modified carbon paste electrode (HEA-MCPE) to study the electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue (MB) dye present in the wastewater. MB is a cationic dye that is toxic, and carcinogenic in high doses; generally used in textile, paper, and leather industries for coloring purposes and discharged into the water sources and thus creating a threat to aquatic animals and humans. Therefore, we must determine the MB dye in waste water regularly. Our fabricated electrode can detect MB dye in wastewater over a pH range of 6 to 7.6 with a significant current response. We have found that, the 4 mg HEA-MCPE and pH 6 are the optimal experimental conditions for achieving a higher rate of electro-oxidation of MB dye. The calculated active surface area for bare and HEA-MCPE is found to be 0.180 and 0.918 cm ^2 respectively. We have found out that, increase in the concentration of MB from 1 mM to 5 mM increases the anodic peak current linearly due to the increased molecular interaction and the mobility of electrons between the analyte and the electrode surface. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:38:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bffa79a8df3043a4ae3e810ee10989d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:38:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj.art-bffa79a8df3043a4ae3e810ee10989d92023-08-09T16:05:32ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912023-01-0110505400310.1088/2053-1591/acd3d7Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetryShashanka Rajendrachari0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-763XVinayak M Adimule1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2198-6601Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7815Anup Pandith3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1192-9312Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Bartin University , 74100 Bartin, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry, Angadi Institute of Technology and Management (AITM) , Savagaon Road, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590009, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, IndiaInternational PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering (IPBME), College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University , Taipei City 11031, TaiwanMechanical alloying is one of the popular, simple, and easy powder metallurgy methods to prepare nanostructured high entropy alloys (HEA). HEAs are modern-day alloys that exhibit significantly improved properties and are used in many unique applications. One such application is using HEA powders for determining the methylene blue dye in wastewater using cyclic voltammetry. We have successfully synthesized the HEA powder of composition 25Fe-19Cr-19Ni-18Ti-19Mn by planetary ball mill and studied their phases, surface morphology, and particle sizes by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) respectively. We have fabricated the HEA-modified carbon paste electrode (HEA-MCPE) to study the electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue (MB) dye present in the wastewater. MB is a cationic dye that is toxic, and carcinogenic in high doses; generally used in textile, paper, and leather industries for coloring purposes and discharged into the water sources and thus creating a threat to aquatic animals and humans. Therefore, we must determine the MB dye in waste water regularly. Our fabricated electrode can detect MB dye in wastewater over a pH range of 6 to 7.6 with a significant current response. We have found that, the 4 mg HEA-MCPE and pH 6 are the optimal experimental conditions for achieving a higher rate of electro-oxidation of MB dye. The calculated active surface area for bare and HEA-MCPE is found to be 0.180 and 0.918 cm ^2 respectively. We have found out that, increase in the concentration of MB from 1 mM to 5 mM increases the anodic peak current linearly due to the increased molecular interaction and the mobility of electrons between the analyte and the electrode surface.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/acd3d7ball millinghigh entropy alloysmethylene blueelectrochemical sensorscyclic voltammetry |
| spellingShingle | Shashanka Rajendrachari Vinayak M Adimule Gururaj Kudur Jayaprakash Anup Pandith Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry Materials Research Express ball milling high entropy alloys methylene blue electrochemical sensors cyclic voltammetry |
| title | Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry |
| title_full | Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry |
| title_short | Electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry |
| title_sort | electrochemical oxidation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using mechanically alloyed high entropy alloy modified carbon paste electrode using cyclic voltammetry |
| topic | ball milling high entropy alloys methylene blue electrochemical sensors cyclic voltammetry |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/acd3d7 |
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