A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm
In this study, we developed a digital shade-matching device for dental color determination using the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Shade-matching was performed using shade tabs. For the hardware, the typically used intraoral camera was modified to apply the cross-polarization scheme and bl...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/3051 |
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| author | Minah Kim Byungyeon Kim Byungjun Park Minsuk Lee Youngjae Won Choul-Young Kim Seungrag Lee |
| author_facet | Minah Kim Byungyeon Kim Byungjun Park Minsuk Lee Youngjae Won Choul-Young Kim Seungrag Lee |
| author_sort | Minah Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we developed a digital shade-matching device for dental color determination using the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Shade-matching was performed using shade tabs. For the hardware, the typically used intraoral camera was modified to apply the cross-polarization scheme and block the light from outside, which can lead to shade-matching errors. For reliable experiments, a precise robot arm with ±0.1 mm position repeatability and a specially designed jig to fix the position of the VITA 3D-master (3D) shade tabs were used. For consistent color performance, color calibration was performed with five standard colors having color values as the mean color values of the five shade tabs of the 3D. By using the SVM algorithm, hyperplanes and support vectors for 3D shade tabs were obtained with a database organized using five developed devices. Subsequently, shade matching was performed by measuring 3D shade tabs, as opposed to real teeth, with three additional devices. On average, more than 90% matching accuracy and a less than 1% failure rate were achieved with all devices for 10 measurements. In addition, we compared the classification algorithm with other classification algorithms, such as logistic regression, random forest, and k-nearest neighbors, using the leave-pair-out cross-validation method to verify the classification performance of the SVM algorithm. Our proposed scheme can be an optimum solution for the quantitative measurement of tooth color with high accuracy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:06:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c00751dfc86e475d9ec3626c55ee6159 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:06:55Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c00751dfc86e475d9ec3626c55ee61592022-12-22T02:08:31ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-09-01189305110.3390/s18093051s18093051A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine AlgorithmMinah Kim0Byungyeon Kim1Byungjun Park2Minsuk Lee3Youngjae Won4Choul-Young Kim5Seungrag Lee6Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-951, KoreaMedical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-951, KoreaMedical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-951, KoreaMedical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-951, KoreaMedical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-951, KoreaDepartment of Electronics Engineering, Chungnam National University, Building E2, 79 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, KoreaMedical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-951, KoreaIn this study, we developed a digital shade-matching device for dental color determination using the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Shade-matching was performed using shade tabs. For the hardware, the typically used intraoral camera was modified to apply the cross-polarization scheme and block the light from outside, which can lead to shade-matching errors. For reliable experiments, a precise robot arm with ±0.1 mm position repeatability and a specially designed jig to fix the position of the VITA 3D-master (3D) shade tabs were used. For consistent color performance, color calibration was performed with five standard colors having color values as the mean color values of the five shade tabs of the 3D. By using the SVM algorithm, hyperplanes and support vectors for 3D shade tabs were obtained with a database organized using five developed devices. Subsequently, shade matching was performed by measuring 3D shade tabs, as opposed to real teeth, with three additional devices. On average, more than 90% matching accuracy and a less than 1% failure rate were achieved with all devices for 10 measurements. In addition, we compared the classification algorithm with other classification algorithms, such as logistic regression, random forest, and k-nearest neighbors, using the leave-pair-out cross-validation method to verify the classification performance of the SVM algorithm. Our proposed scheme can be an optimum solution for the quantitative measurement of tooth color with high accuracy.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/3051digital shade-matching devicedental color determinationsupport vector machine |
| spellingShingle | Minah Kim Byungyeon Kim Byungjun Park Minsuk Lee Youngjae Won Choul-Young Kim Seungrag Lee A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm Sensors digital shade-matching device dental color determination support vector machine |
| title | A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm |
| title_full | A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm |
| title_fullStr | A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm |
| title_short | A Digital Shade-Matching Device for Dental Color Determination Using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm |
| title_sort | digital shade matching device for dental color determination using the support vector machine algorithm |
| topic | digital shade-matching device dental color determination support vector machine |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/3051 |
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