Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil Recovery
Oil recovery using modified/smart water technology can be maximized by optimizing the composition of the injected water. Brine optimization is also believed to improve polymer flooding performance. This chapter assesses and defines the potential impact of combining low-salt-modified water with polym...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/9/2356 |
| _version_ | 1797568565792997376 |
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| author | Muhammad Tahir Rafael E. Hincapie Leonhard Ganzer |
| author_facet | Muhammad Tahir Rafael E. Hincapie Leonhard Ganzer |
| author_sort | Muhammad Tahir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oil recovery using modified/smart water technology can be maximized by optimizing the composition of the injected water. Brine optimization is also believed to improve polymer flooding performance. This chapter assesses and defines the potential impact of combining low-salt-modified water with polymer flooding, based on the presence of sulfate in the injection water. Hence, we evaluated the influence of sodium sulfate on (1) polymer viscoelasticity, under the assumption that the phenomena exists, and (2) oil recovery and pressure response. Mainly, a comprehensive rheological evaluation and two-phase core flood experiments are the focus of this work. Composition of injection brine is optimized after having synthetic seawater as a base brine. Core-flood experiments were performed in a secondary, tertiary and a sort of post-tertiary (quaternary) mode to evaluate the feasibility of applying both processes (modified water and polymer flood). Obtained data was subsequently cross-analyzed and as an overall observation, sodium sulfate helped with improving polymer viscosity compared to sodium chloride or divalent cation presence. Moreover, optimized modified water, with the higher amount of sulfate ions, showed an additional oil recovery in both secondary and tertiary mode of about 5.0%. Additionally, polymer injection in tertiary mode, after modified-water injection, showed significant additional oil recovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:57:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0270529ee524e6d92df427e978920ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:57:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0270529ee524e6d92df427e978920ce2023-11-19T23:50:09ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-05-01139235610.3390/en13092356Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil RecoveryMuhammad Tahir0Rafael E. Hincapie1Leonhard Ganzer2Institute of Subsurface Energy Systems, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyInstitute of Subsurface Energy Systems, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyInstitute of Subsurface Energy Systems, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyOil recovery using modified/smart water technology can be maximized by optimizing the composition of the injected water. Brine optimization is also believed to improve polymer flooding performance. This chapter assesses and defines the potential impact of combining low-salt-modified water with polymer flooding, based on the presence of sulfate in the injection water. Hence, we evaluated the influence of sodium sulfate on (1) polymer viscoelasticity, under the assumption that the phenomena exists, and (2) oil recovery and pressure response. Mainly, a comprehensive rheological evaluation and two-phase core flood experiments are the focus of this work. Composition of injection brine is optimized after having synthetic seawater as a base brine. Core-flood experiments were performed in a secondary, tertiary and a sort of post-tertiary (quaternary) mode to evaluate the feasibility of applying both processes (modified water and polymer flood). Obtained data was subsequently cross-analyzed and as an overall observation, sodium sulfate helped with improving polymer viscosity compared to sodium chloride or divalent cation presence. Moreover, optimized modified water, with the higher amount of sulfate ions, showed an additional oil recovery in both secondary and tertiary mode of about 5.0%. Additionally, polymer injection in tertiary mode, after modified-water injection, showed significant additional oil recovery.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/9/2356viscoelasticitysodium sulfatesandstonemodified waterrheologyoil recovery |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Tahir Rafael E. Hincapie Leonhard Ganzer Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil Recovery Energies viscoelasticity sodium sulfate sandstone modified water rheology oil recovery |
| title | Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil Recovery |
| title_full | Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil Recovery |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil Recovery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil Recovery |
| title_short | Influence of Sulfate Ions on the Combined Application of Modified Water and Polymer Flooding—Rheology and Oil Recovery |
| title_sort | influence of sulfate ions on the combined application of modified water and polymer flooding rheology and oil recovery |
| topic | viscoelasticity sodium sulfate sandstone modified water rheology oil recovery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/9/2356 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhammadtahir influenceofsulfateionsonthecombinedapplicationofmodifiedwaterandpolymerfloodingrheologyandoilrecovery AT rafaelehincapie influenceofsulfateionsonthecombinedapplicationofmodifiedwaterandpolymerfloodingrheologyandoilrecovery AT leonhardganzer influenceofsulfateionsonthecombinedapplicationofmodifiedwaterandpolymerfloodingrheologyandoilrecovery |