Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization Types
The prospect of replacing traditional chemical fertilization with organic and microorganism-based fertilization meets the current demand for more sustainable cropping systems and healthy food. In this respect, research was carried out to evaluate the effects of the factorial combination between four...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3219 |
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| author | Gabriel-Ciprian Teliban Marian Burducea Gabriela Mihalache Valtcho D. Zheljazkov Ivayla Dincheva Ilian Badjakov Lorena-Diana Popa Ilie Bodale Nicolae-Valentin Vlăduț Alexandru Cojocaru Neculai Munteanu Teodor Stan Gianluca Caruso Vasile Stoleru |
| author_facet | Gabriel-Ciprian Teliban Marian Burducea Gabriela Mihalache Valtcho D. Zheljazkov Ivayla Dincheva Ilian Badjakov Lorena-Diana Popa Ilie Bodale Nicolae-Valentin Vlăduț Alexandru Cojocaru Neculai Munteanu Teodor Stan Gianluca Caruso Vasile Stoleru |
| author_sort | Gabriel-Ciprian Teliban |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The prospect of replacing traditional chemical fertilization with organic and microorganism-based fertilization meets the current demand for more sustainable cropping systems and healthy food. In this respect, research was carried out to evaluate the effects of the factorial combination between four basil cultivars (‘Aromat de Buzau’, ‘Macedon’, ‘Cuisoare’ and ‘Serafim’) and three types of fertilization, namely chemical fertilization (with a solid chemical fertilizer), organic fertilization (with chicken manure formulate) and microorganisms’ fertilization (with microorganisms formulate), on basil yield, biochemical and physiological parameters and essential oil composition. The results showed that the biometric parameters (plant height, number of stems and leaves and leaf area) were significantly influenced by the cultivar; ‘Macedon’ obtained the highest values of plant height (64.7 cm) and number of stems (20.33) and leaves (618.3) and ‘Serafim’ the largest leaf area (4901.7 cm<sup>2</sup> per plant), while the type of fertilization did not affect these parameters. Regarding the biomass, the influence of the cultivar was not significant on fresh biomass but was significant on dry biomass, with ‘Macedon’ showing the highest value (56.4 g·plant<sup>−1</sup> dry biomass). The mentioned parameters were significantly influenced by the type of fertilization, with the highest values recorded with chemical fertilization. Both the cultivar and the fertilization type significantly influenced the physiological parameters (the total content of assimilatory pigments and photosynthesis). Five phenolic compounds were quantified from leaf extracts by HPLC-MS (caffeic acid, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin and quercitrin). Hyperoside was identified only in ‘Macedon’, while the rest of the compounds were found in all the cultivars and varied depending on the cultivar and fertilization type. Regarding the composition of the essential oil, variation was found depending on the cultivar and fertilization type. In ‘Aromat de Buzau’, the main compounds were methyl chavicol and β-linalool; in ‘Macedon’, geranial and neral; and in ‘Cuisoare’ and ‘Serafim’, β-linalool. Moreover, the PCA showed that the ‘Serafim’ cultivar has exclusive properties compared to the other cultivars. Our results highlight that identifying the most effective interaction between genotype and fertilization type allows to optimize yield and quality targets for sweet basil. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:25:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c02848ebc7f44f50a6e7f85cc3c99cb7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:25:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-c02848ebc7f44f50a6e7f85cc3c99cb72023-11-24T12:48:28ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-12-011212321910.3390/agronomy12123219Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization TypesGabriel-Ciprian Teliban0Marian Burducea1Gabriela Mihalache2Valtcho D. Zheljazkov3Ivayla Dincheva4Ilian Badjakov5Lorena-Diana Popa6Ilie Bodale7Nicolae-Valentin Vlăduț8Alexandru Cojocaru9Neculai Munteanu10Teodor Stan11Gianluca Caruso12Vasile Stoleru13Department of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, 3050 SW Campus Way, 109 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USAAgroBioInstitute, Agricultural Academy, Plant Genetic Research Group, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, BulgariaAgroBioInstitute, Agricultural Academy, Plant Genetic Research Group, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, BulgariaAgricultural Research and Development Station Secuieni, 377 Principala Street, Secuieni, 617415 Neamt, RomaniaDepartment of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaNational Institute of Research-Development for Machines and Installations Designed for Agriculture and Food Industry, 013813 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu, 700440 Iasi, RomaniaThe prospect of replacing traditional chemical fertilization with organic and microorganism-based fertilization meets the current demand for more sustainable cropping systems and healthy food. In this respect, research was carried out to evaluate the effects of the factorial combination between four basil cultivars (‘Aromat de Buzau’, ‘Macedon’, ‘Cuisoare’ and ‘Serafim’) and three types of fertilization, namely chemical fertilization (with a solid chemical fertilizer), organic fertilization (with chicken manure formulate) and microorganisms’ fertilization (with microorganisms formulate), on basil yield, biochemical and physiological parameters and essential oil composition. The results showed that the biometric parameters (plant height, number of stems and leaves and leaf area) were significantly influenced by the cultivar; ‘Macedon’ obtained the highest values of plant height (64.7 cm) and number of stems (20.33) and leaves (618.3) and ‘Serafim’ the largest leaf area (4901.7 cm<sup>2</sup> per plant), while the type of fertilization did not affect these parameters. Regarding the biomass, the influence of the cultivar was not significant on fresh biomass but was significant on dry biomass, with ‘Macedon’ showing the highest value (56.4 g·plant<sup>−1</sup> dry biomass). The mentioned parameters were significantly influenced by the type of fertilization, with the highest values recorded with chemical fertilization. Both the cultivar and the fertilization type significantly influenced the physiological parameters (the total content of assimilatory pigments and photosynthesis). Five phenolic compounds were quantified from leaf extracts by HPLC-MS (caffeic acid, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin and quercitrin). Hyperoside was identified only in ‘Macedon’, while the rest of the compounds were found in all the cultivars and varied depending on the cultivar and fertilization type. Regarding the composition of the essential oil, variation was found depending on the cultivar and fertilization type. In ‘Aromat de Buzau’, the main compounds were methyl chavicol and β-linalool; in ‘Macedon’, geranial and neral; and in ‘Cuisoare’ and ‘Serafim’, β-linalool. Moreover, the PCA showed that the ‘Serafim’ cultivar has exclusive properties compared to the other cultivars. Our results highlight that identifying the most effective interaction between genotype and fertilization type allows to optimize yield and quality targets for sweet basil.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3219<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.fresh and dry yieldphysiologyphenolic compoundsessential oil |
| spellingShingle | Gabriel-Ciprian Teliban Marian Burducea Gabriela Mihalache Valtcho D. Zheljazkov Ivayla Dincheva Ilian Badjakov Lorena-Diana Popa Ilie Bodale Nicolae-Valentin Vlăduț Alexandru Cojocaru Neculai Munteanu Teodor Stan Gianluca Caruso Vasile Stoleru Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization Types Agronomy <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. fresh and dry yield physiology phenolic compounds essential oil |
| title | Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization Types |
| title_full | Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization Types |
| title_fullStr | Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization Types |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization Types |
| title_short | Morphological, Physiological and Quality Performances of Basil Cultivars under Different Fertilization Types |
| title_sort | morphological physiological and quality performances of basil cultivars under different fertilization types |
| topic | <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. fresh and dry yield physiology phenolic compounds essential oil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3219 |
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