Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil
The history of classical biological control of fruit flies in Brazil includes two reported attempts in the past 70 years. The first occurred in 1937 when an African species of parasitoid larvae (Tetrastichus giffardianus) was introduced to control the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2012-12-01
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| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/4/1/55 |
| _version_ | 1818945239673470976 |
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| author | Flávio R. M. Garcia Marcelo P. Ricalde |
| author_facet | Flávio R. M. Garcia Marcelo P. Ricalde |
| author_sort | Flávio R. M. Garcia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The history of classical biological control of fruit flies in Brazil includes two reported attempts in the past 70 years. The first occurred in 1937 when an African species of parasitoid larvae (Tetrastichus giffardianus) was introduced to control the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids. The second occurred in September 1994 when the exotic parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, originally from Gainesville, Florida, was introduced by a Brazilian agricultural corporation (EMBRAPA) to evaluate the parasitoid’s potential for the biological control of Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata. Although there are numerous native Brazilian fruit fly parasitoids, mass rearing of these native species is difficult. Thus, D. longicaudata was chosen due to its specificity for the family Tephritidae and its ease of laboratory rearing. In this paper we review the literature on Brazilian fruit fly biological control and suggest that those tactics can be used on a large scale, together creating a biological barrier to the introduction of new fruit fly populations, reducing the source of outbreaks and the risk of species spread, while decreasing the use of insecticides on fruit destined for domestic and foreign markets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:55:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c02cdc819fba4031bd4636af217a614e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:55:58Z |
| publishDate | 2012-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-c02cdc819fba4031bd4636af217a614e2022-12-21T19:47:42ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502012-12-0141557010.3390/insects4010055Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in BrazilFlávio R. M. GarciaMarcelo P. RicaldeThe history of classical biological control of fruit flies in Brazil includes two reported attempts in the past 70 years. The first occurred in 1937 when an African species of parasitoid larvae (Tetrastichus giffardianus) was introduced to control the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids. The second occurred in September 1994 when the exotic parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, originally from Gainesville, Florida, was introduced by a Brazilian agricultural corporation (EMBRAPA) to evaluate the parasitoid’s potential for the biological control of Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata. Although there are numerous native Brazilian fruit fly parasitoids, mass rearing of these native species is difficult. Thus, D. longicaudata was chosen due to its specificity for the family Tephritidae and its ease of laboratory rearing. In this paper we review the literature on Brazilian fruit fly biological control and suggest that those tactics can be used on a large scale, together creating a biological barrier to the introduction of new fruit fly populations, reducing the source of outbreaks and the risk of species spread, while decreasing the use of insecticides on fruit destined for domestic and foreign markets.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/4/1/55fruit fliesparasitoidDipteraTephritidaeBraconidae |
| spellingShingle | Flávio R. M. Garcia Marcelo P. Ricalde Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil Insects fruit flies parasitoid Diptera Tephritidae Braconidae |
| title | Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil |
| title_full | Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil |
| title_short | Augmentative Biological Control Using Parasitoids for Fruit Fly Management in Brazil |
| title_sort | augmentative biological control using parasitoids for fruit fly management in brazil |
| topic | fruit flies parasitoid Diptera Tephritidae Braconidae |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/4/1/55 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT flaviormgarcia augmentativebiologicalcontrolusingparasitoidsforfruitflymanagementinbrazil AT marcelopricalde augmentativebiologicalcontrolusingparasitoidsforfruitflymanagementinbrazil |