Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir
Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV’s abilit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6566 |
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| author | Yan-Ping Wei Liang-Yuan Yao Yi-Yong Wu Xia Liu Li-Hong Peng Ya-Ling Tian Jian-Hua Ding Kang-Hua Li Quan-Guo He |
| author_facet | Yan-Ping Wei Liang-Yuan Yao Yi-Yong Wu Xia Liu Li-Hong Peng Ya-Ling Tian Jian-Hua Ding Kang-Hua Li Quan-Guo He |
| author_sort | Yan-Ping Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV’s ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its development and pharmacology. A comprehensive summary of the existing preparation methods and synthetic materials, such as 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide, guanine and its derivatives, and other purine derivatives, is presented to elucidate the preparation of ACV in detail. In addition, it presents valuable analytical procedures for the toxicological studies of ACV, which are essential for human use and dosing. Analytical methods, including spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), electrochemical sensors, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and flow injection–chemiluminescence (FI-CL) are also highlighted. A brief description of the characteristics of each of these methods is also presented. Finally, insight is provided for the development of ACV to drive further innovation of ACV in pharmaceutical applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the past life and future challenges of ACV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:56:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c044ef2226054a1aabad05e2213b5b6a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:56:09Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c044ef2226054a1aabad05e2213b5b6a2023-11-22T21:23:14ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-10-012621656610.3390/molecules26216566Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of AcyclovirYan-Ping Wei0Liang-Yuan Yao1Yi-Yong Wu2Xia Liu3Li-Hong Peng4Ya-Ling Tian5Jian-Hua Ding6Kang-Hua Li7Quan-Guo He8School of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, ChinaHunan Qianjin Xiangjiang Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, ChinaZhuzhou People’s Hospital, Zhuzhou 412001, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, ChinaZhuzhou People’s Hospital, Zhuzhou 412001, ChinaZhuzhou People’s Hospital, Zhuzhou 412001, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, ChinaAcyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV’s ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its development and pharmacology. A comprehensive summary of the existing preparation methods and synthetic materials, such as 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide, guanine and its derivatives, and other purine derivatives, is presented to elucidate the preparation of ACV in detail. In addition, it presents valuable analytical procedures for the toxicological studies of ACV, which are essential for human use and dosing. Analytical methods, including spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), electrochemical sensors, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and flow injection–chemiluminescence (FI-CL) are also highlighted. A brief description of the characteristics of each of these methods is also presented. Finally, insight is provided for the development of ACV to drive further innovation of ACV in pharmaceutical applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the past life and future challenges of ACV.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6566acyclovirpharmacologysynthesistoxicologyanalytical methods |
| spellingShingle | Yan-Ping Wei Liang-Yuan Yao Yi-Yong Wu Xia Liu Li-Hong Peng Ya-Ling Tian Jian-Hua Ding Kang-Hua Li Quan-Guo He Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir Molecules acyclovir pharmacology synthesis toxicology analytical methods |
| title | Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir |
| title_full | Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir |
| title_fullStr | Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir |
| title_full_unstemmed | Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir |
| title_short | Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir |
| title_sort | critical review of synthesis toxicology and detection of acyclovir |
| topic | acyclovir pharmacology synthesis toxicology analytical methods |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6566 |
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