Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil Oleogels
This study investigated the effects of incorporating stearic acid (SAC) in candelilla wax (CW) and groundnut oil (GO) oleogel with potential health benefits as an alternative to saturated fats in processed foods. Results showed that SAC possesses crystal habit-modifying properties on the oleogels, c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | ChemEngineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/7/5/96 |
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| author | Diksha Chaturvedi Deepti Bharti Somali Dhal Deblu Sahu Haladhar Behera Minaketan Sahoo Doman Kim Maciej Jarzębski Arfat Anis Biswaranjan Mohanty Sai S. Sagiri Kunal Pal |
| author_facet | Diksha Chaturvedi Deepti Bharti Somali Dhal Deblu Sahu Haladhar Behera Minaketan Sahoo Doman Kim Maciej Jarzębski Arfat Anis Biswaranjan Mohanty Sai S. Sagiri Kunal Pal |
| author_sort | Diksha Chaturvedi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the effects of incorporating stearic acid (SAC) in candelilla wax (CW) and groundnut oil (GO) oleogel with potential health benefits as an alternative to saturated fats in processed foods. Results showed that SAC possesses crystal habit-modifying properties on the oleogels, causing its average crystallite size to increase, as observed through polarized light microscopy and XRD analysis. Additionally, SAC caused an increase in ordering within the crystallite network as a result of the decrease in d-spacing. Interestingly, the firmness of the oleogels remained unaffected, even at a higher fraction of SAC. It is believed to be due to the interference caused by the crystallization of high-melting SAC within the fine crystal network of CW-GO oleogel. However, adding 3 mg of SAC significantly increased the work of the shear of the oleogel (SAC3), which decreased the spreadability. As observed through colorimetric analysis, SAC3 showed a dense and uniform distribution of prominent bright crystals with minimal amorphous regions, leading to a high whiteness index. SAC3 also demonstrated the highest compactness and dislocation density among the oleogels, likely due to the formation of prominent crystals. However, SAC did not affect the overall oleogel crystallization rate. SAC3 had delayed secondary crystallization and thermal equilibrium by having a prolonged crystallization time of CW crystals. In the case of controlled delivery studies, the addition of SAC improved CPCR. On the other hand, CPCR decreased with the increase in SAC amount, where SAC3 showed a moderate curcumin release ability among the oleogels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:21:54Z |
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| issn | 2305-7084 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:21:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ChemEngineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-c045ccbcc380421aaba8a69016c0d4272023-11-19T16:03:30ZengMDPI AGChemEngineering2305-70842023-10-01759610.3390/chemengineering7050096Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil OleogelsDiksha Chaturvedi0Deepti Bharti1Somali Dhal2Deblu Sahu3Haladhar Behera4Minaketan Sahoo5Doman Kim6Maciej Jarzębski7Arfat Anis8Biswaranjan Mohanty9Sai S. Sagiri10Kunal Pal11Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy and Technology, Cuttack 754202, IndiaDepartment of International Agricultural Technology & Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151742, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Chemical Engineering, SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy and Technology, Cuttack 754202, IndiaAgro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Center, Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, IsraelDepartment of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, IndiaThis study investigated the effects of incorporating stearic acid (SAC) in candelilla wax (CW) and groundnut oil (GO) oleogel with potential health benefits as an alternative to saturated fats in processed foods. Results showed that SAC possesses crystal habit-modifying properties on the oleogels, causing its average crystallite size to increase, as observed through polarized light microscopy and XRD analysis. Additionally, SAC caused an increase in ordering within the crystallite network as a result of the decrease in d-spacing. Interestingly, the firmness of the oleogels remained unaffected, even at a higher fraction of SAC. It is believed to be due to the interference caused by the crystallization of high-melting SAC within the fine crystal network of CW-GO oleogel. However, adding 3 mg of SAC significantly increased the work of the shear of the oleogel (SAC3), which decreased the spreadability. As observed through colorimetric analysis, SAC3 showed a dense and uniform distribution of prominent bright crystals with minimal amorphous regions, leading to a high whiteness index. SAC3 also demonstrated the highest compactness and dislocation density among the oleogels, likely due to the formation of prominent crystals. However, SAC did not affect the overall oleogel crystallization rate. SAC3 had delayed secondary crystallization and thermal equilibrium by having a prolonged crystallization time of CW crystals. In the case of controlled delivery studies, the addition of SAC improved CPCR. On the other hand, CPCR decreased with the increase in SAC amount, where SAC3 showed a moderate curcumin release ability among the oleogels.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/7/5/96oleogelsstearic acidcandelilla waxcrystal habit modifiercrystallizationself-assembly |
| spellingShingle | Diksha Chaturvedi Deepti Bharti Somali Dhal Deblu Sahu Haladhar Behera Minaketan Sahoo Doman Kim Maciej Jarzębski Arfat Anis Biswaranjan Mohanty Sai S. Sagiri Kunal Pal Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil Oleogels ChemEngineering oleogels stearic acid candelilla wax crystal habit modifier crystallization self-assembly |
| title | Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil Oleogels |
| title_full | Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil Oleogels |
| title_fullStr | Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil Oleogels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil Oleogels |
| title_short | Role of Stearic Acid as the Crystal Habit Modifier in Candelilla Wax-Groundnut Oil Oleogels |
| title_sort | role of stearic acid as the crystal habit modifier in candelilla wax groundnut oil oleogels |
| topic | oleogels stearic acid candelilla wax crystal habit modifier crystallization self-assembly |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/7/5/96 |
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