Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021
The Mediterranean Sea hosts a population of fin whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>), the only species of Mysticete regularly occurring in the basin. Observed and inferred mortality suggests that the population is likely declining. Accordingly, understanding the causes of mortality and a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/22/3111 |
| _version_ | 1797466141489102848 |
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| author | Valerio Manfrini Nino Pierantonio Alessandro Giuliani Federico De Pascalis Nicola Maio Annalaura Mancia |
| author_facet | Valerio Manfrini Nino Pierantonio Alessandro Giuliani Federico De Pascalis Nicola Maio Annalaura Mancia |
| author_sort | Valerio Manfrini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Mediterranean Sea hosts a population of fin whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>), the only species of Mysticete regularly occurring in the basin. Observed and inferred mortality suggests that the population is likely declining. Accordingly, understanding the causes of mortality and assessing the health status is pivotal to the survival of this endangered population. While such studies are inherently difficult for a highly roaming species with a pelagic distribution, mortality events provide the opportunity to investigate biological and epidemiological traits linked to these events, and evaluate the footprint of human activity, especially when long-term data series exist. We present a comprehensive spatial–temporal overview of fin whale mortality events along the Italian coast encompassing four centuries (1624–2021). Time series analysis was used to highlight structural changes in the evolution of mortality through time, while spatial–temporal patterns in the distribution of mortality events were assessed through emerging hot spot analysis methods. Recent mortality events (1964–2021) were further explored to evaluate, where possible, the primary causes of mortality and to identify anthropogenic threats of conservation concerns. This long-term survey offers the basis for an understanding of the health status of this <i>B. physalus</i> population and provides much-needed information for developing an effective management and conservation plan for the species in the region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:31:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c04c627d4596454a95da696352b3d102 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:31:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-c04c627d4596454a95da696352b3d1022023-11-24T07:28:27ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-11-011222311110.3390/ani12223111Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021Valerio Manfrini0Nino Pierantonio1Alessandro Giuliani2Federico De Pascalis3Nicola Maio4Annalaura Mancia5Independent Researcher, 44022 Comacchio (FE), ItalyTethys Research Institute, 20121 Milan, ItalyEnvironment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (National Institute of Health), 00161 Rome, ItalyBIO-AVM, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, ItalyDipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Naples, ItalyDipartimento Scienze Della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyThe Mediterranean Sea hosts a population of fin whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>), the only species of Mysticete regularly occurring in the basin. Observed and inferred mortality suggests that the population is likely declining. Accordingly, understanding the causes of mortality and assessing the health status is pivotal to the survival of this endangered population. While such studies are inherently difficult for a highly roaming species with a pelagic distribution, mortality events provide the opportunity to investigate biological and epidemiological traits linked to these events, and evaluate the footprint of human activity, especially when long-term data series exist. We present a comprehensive spatial–temporal overview of fin whale mortality events along the Italian coast encompassing four centuries (1624–2021). Time series analysis was used to highlight structural changes in the evolution of mortality through time, while spatial–temporal patterns in the distribution of mortality events were assessed through emerging hot spot analysis methods. Recent mortality events (1964–2021) were further explored to evaluate, where possible, the primary causes of mortality and to identify anthropogenic threats of conservation concerns. This long-term survey offers the basis for an understanding of the health status of this <i>B. physalus</i> population and provides much-needed information for developing an effective management and conservation plan for the species in the region.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/22/3111fin whale<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>strandingsship strikesmortality eventsanthropogenic threats |
| spellingShingle | Valerio Manfrini Nino Pierantonio Alessandro Giuliani Federico De Pascalis Nicola Maio Annalaura Mancia Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021 Animals fin whale <i>Balaenoptera physalus</i> strandings ship strikes mortality events anthropogenic threats |
| title | Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021 |
| title_full | Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021 |
| title_fullStr | Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021 |
| title_short | Fin Whale (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) Mortality along the Italian Coast between 1624 and 2021 |
| title_sort | fin whale i balaenoptera physalus i mortality along the italian coast between 1624 and 2021 |
| topic | fin whale <i>Balaenoptera physalus</i> strandings ship strikes mortality events anthropogenic threats |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/22/3111 |
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