Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an important regulator of skin barrier function. It also controls immune-mediated skin responses. The AHR modulates various physiological functions by acting as a sensor that mediates environment–cell interactions, particularly during immune and inflammatory respon...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3176 |
| _version_ | 1797510819274031104 |
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| author | Nieves Fernández-Gallego Francisco Sánchez-Madrid Danay Cibrian |
| author_facet | Nieves Fernández-Gallego Francisco Sánchez-Madrid Danay Cibrian |
| author_sort | Nieves Fernández-Gallego |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an important regulator of skin barrier function. It also controls immune-mediated skin responses. The AHR modulates various physiological functions by acting as a sensor that mediates environment–cell interactions, particularly during immune and inflammatory responses. Diverse experimental systems have been used to assess the AHR’s role in skin inflammation, including in vitro assays of keratinocyte stimulation and murine models of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Similar approaches have addressed the role of AHR ligands, e.g., TCDD, FICZ, and microbiota-derived metabolites, in skin homeostasis and pathology. Tapinarof is a novel AHR-modulating agent that inhibits skin inflammation and enhances skin barrier function. The topical application of tapinarof is being evaluated in clinical trials to treat psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In the present review, we summarize the effects of natural and synthetic AHR ligands in keratinocytes and inflammatory cells, and their relevance in normal skin homeostasis and cutaneous inflammatory diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:36:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c050c864cfa44083a147a361eb469225 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:36:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-c050c864cfa44083a147a361eb4692252023-11-22T22:52:24ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-11-011011317610.3390/cells10113176Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous InflammationNieves Fernández-Gallego0Francisco Sánchez-Madrid1Danay Cibrian2Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, SpainImmunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, SpainImmunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, SpainAryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an important regulator of skin barrier function. It also controls immune-mediated skin responses. The AHR modulates various physiological functions by acting as a sensor that mediates environment–cell interactions, particularly during immune and inflammatory responses. Diverse experimental systems have been used to assess the AHR’s role in skin inflammation, including in vitro assays of keratinocyte stimulation and murine models of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Similar approaches have addressed the role of AHR ligands, e.g., TCDD, FICZ, and microbiota-derived metabolites, in skin homeostasis and pathology. Tapinarof is a novel AHR-modulating agent that inhibits skin inflammation and enhances skin barrier function. The topical application of tapinarof is being evaluated in clinical trials to treat psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In the present review, we summarize the effects of natural and synthetic AHR ligands in keratinocytes and inflammatory cells, and their relevance in normal skin homeostasis and cutaneous inflammatory diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3176aryl hydrocarbon receptorcutaneous inflammationimmune and inflammatory responsesAHR signaling pathwaysAHR endogenous and exogenous ligands |
| spellingShingle | Nieves Fernández-Gallego Francisco Sánchez-Madrid Danay Cibrian Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation Cells aryl hydrocarbon receptor cutaneous inflammation immune and inflammatory responses AHR signaling pathways AHR endogenous and exogenous ligands |
| title | Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation |
| title_full | Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation |
| title_fullStr | Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation |
| title_short | Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation |
| title_sort | role of ahr ligands in skin homeostasis and cutaneous inflammation |
| topic | aryl hydrocarbon receptor cutaneous inflammation immune and inflammatory responses AHR signaling pathways AHR endogenous and exogenous ligands |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3176 |
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