Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Ophiopogonis Radix, also known as “Maidong” (MD) in China, is frequently sulfur-fumigated (SF) in the pretreatment process of MD to improve the appearance and facilitate preservation. However, the process leads to changes in chemical composition, so it is essential to develop an approach to identify...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/204 |
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| author | Yanhui Lv Xike Xu Yanping Wei Yunheng Shen Wei Chen Xintong Wei Jie Wang Jiayun Xin Jixiang He Xianpeng Zu |
| author_facet | Yanhui Lv Xike Xu Yanping Wei Yunheng Shen Wei Chen Xintong Wei Jie Wang Jiayun Xin Jixiang He Xianpeng Zu |
| author_sort | Yanhui Lv |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ophiopogonis Radix, also known as “Maidong” (MD) in China, is frequently sulfur-fumigated (SF) in the pretreatment process of MD to improve the appearance and facilitate preservation. However, the process leads to changes in chemical composition, so it is essential to develop an approach to identify the chemical characteristics between nonfumigated and sulfur-fumigated products. This paper provided a practical method based on UPLC-QTOF-MS combined Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) with multivariate statistical analysis for the characterization and discrimination of MD with different levels of sulfur fumigation, high concentration sulfur fumigation (HS), low concentration sulfur fumigation (LS) and without sulfur fumigation (WS). First, a number of 98 compounds were identified in those MD samples. Additionally, the results of Principal component analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) demonstrated that there were significant chemical differences in the chemical composition of MD with different degrees of SF. Finally, fourteen and sixteen chemical markers were identified upon the comparison between HS and WS, LS and WS, respectively. Overall, these results can be able to discriminate MD with different levels of SF as well as establish a solid foundation for further quality control and pharmacological research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:26:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0520f4c64994e4d8f6a85027ddb463d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:26:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0520f4c64994e4d8f6a85027ddb463d2023-11-16T22:04:21ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-01-0113220410.3390/metabo13020204Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical AnalysisYanhui Lv0Xike Xu1Yanping Wei2Yunheng Shen3Wei Chen4Xintong Wei5Jie Wang6Jiayun Xin7Jixiang He8Xianpeng Zu9School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaOphiopogonis Radix, also known as “Maidong” (MD) in China, is frequently sulfur-fumigated (SF) in the pretreatment process of MD to improve the appearance and facilitate preservation. However, the process leads to changes in chemical composition, so it is essential to develop an approach to identify the chemical characteristics between nonfumigated and sulfur-fumigated products. This paper provided a practical method based on UPLC-QTOF-MS combined Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) with multivariate statistical analysis for the characterization and discrimination of MD with different levels of sulfur fumigation, high concentration sulfur fumigation (HS), low concentration sulfur fumigation (LS) and without sulfur fumigation (WS). First, a number of 98 compounds were identified in those MD samples. Additionally, the results of Principal component analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) demonstrated that there were significant chemical differences in the chemical composition of MD with different degrees of SF. Finally, fourteen and sixteen chemical markers were identified upon the comparison between HS and WS, LS and WS, respectively. Overall, these results can be able to discriminate MD with different levels of SF as well as establish a solid foundation for further quality control and pharmacological research.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/204Ophiopogonis Radixsulfur fumigationUPLC-QTOF-MSmolecular networkingmultivariate statistical analysis |
| spellingShingle | Yanhui Lv Xike Xu Yanping Wei Yunheng Shen Wei Chen Xintong Wei Jie Wang Jiayun Xin Jixiang He Xianpeng Zu Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis Metabolites Ophiopogonis Radix sulfur fumigation UPLC-QTOF-MS molecular networking multivariate statistical analysis |
| title | Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_full | Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_short | Characterization and Discrimination of Ophiopogonis Radix with Different Levels of Sulfur Fumigation Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS Combined Molecular Networking with Multivariate Statistical Analysis |
| title_sort | characterization and discrimination of ophiopogonis radix with different levels of sulfur fumigation based on uplc qtof ms combined molecular networking with multivariate statistical analysis |
| topic | Ophiopogonis Radix sulfur fumigation UPLC-QTOF-MS molecular networking multivariate statistical analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/204 |
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