Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South Korea
Abstract Background Communication inequalities are important mechanisms linking socioeconomic backgrounds to health outcomes. Guided by the structural influence model of communication, this study examined the intermediate role of health communication in the relationship between education, income, an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16211-8 |
| _version_ | 1797784378118504448 |
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| author | Woohyun Yoo Yangsun Hong Sang-Hwa Oh |
| author_facet | Woohyun Yoo Yangsun Hong Sang-Hwa Oh |
| author_sort | Woohyun Yoo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Communication inequalities are important mechanisms linking socioeconomic backgrounds to health outcomes. Guided by the structural influence model of communication, this study examined the intermediate role of health communication in the relationship between education, income, and preventive behavioral intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and South Korea. Methods The data were collected through two online surveys conducted by two professional research firms in the US (April 1–3, 2020) and South Korea (April 9–16, 2020). To test the mediating role of health communication, as well as the hypothesized relationships in the proposed model, we performed a path analysis using Mplus 6.1. Results In analyzing survey data from 1050 American and 1175 Korean adults, we found that one’s socioeconomic positions were associated with their intentions to engage in COVID-19 preventive behaviors through affecting their health communication experiences and then efficacious beliefs. Differences in education and income were associated with willingness to engage in preventive behaviors by constraining health communication among people with low levels of education and income. The findings showed notable differences and some similarities between the US and South Korea. For example, while income was positively associated with health communication in both US and South Korea, education was only significantly related to health communication in US but not in South Korea. Conclusions This study suggests health communication strategies such as choice of communication channels and messages to promote intention for COVID-19 prevention behaviors in particular consideration of individual differences in socioeconomic positions in countries with different cultural features. Pubic policies and health campaigns can utilize the suggestions to promote efficacy and preventive behavioral intention during early pandemics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:39:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c06c051b7fb749ee8a74f09207755f94 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:39:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-c06c051b7fb749ee8a74f09207755f942023-07-09T11:27:15ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582023-07-0123111310.1186/s12889-023-16211-8Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South KoreaWoohyun Yoo0Yangsun Hong1Sang-Hwa Oh2Department of Media and Communication & Institute of Social Sciences, Incheon National UniversityDepartment of Communication and Journalism, University of New MexicoCharles H. Sandage Department of Advertising, College of Media, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignAbstract Background Communication inequalities are important mechanisms linking socioeconomic backgrounds to health outcomes. Guided by the structural influence model of communication, this study examined the intermediate role of health communication in the relationship between education, income, and preventive behavioral intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and South Korea. Methods The data were collected through two online surveys conducted by two professional research firms in the US (April 1–3, 2020) and South Korea (April 9–16, 2020). To test the mediating role of health communication, as well as the hypothesized relationships in the proposed model, we performed a path analysis using Mplus 6.1. Results In analyzing survey data from 1050 American and 1175 Korean adults, we found that one’s socioeconomic positions were associated with their intentions to engage in COVID-19 preventive behaviors through affecting their health communication experiences and then efficacious beliefs. Differences in education and income were associated with willingness to engage in preventive behaviors by constraining health communication among people with low levels of education and income. The findings showed notable differences and some similarities between the US and South Korea. For example, while income was positively associated with health communication in both US and South Korea, education was only significantly related to health communication in US but not in South Korea. Conclusions This study suggests health communication strategies such as choice of communication channels and messages to promote intention for COVID-19 prevention behaviors in particular consideration of individual differences in socioeconomic positions in countries with different cultural features. Pubic policies and health campaigns can utilize the suggestions to promote efficacy and preventive behavioral intention during early pandemics.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16211-8Communication inequalitiesCOVID-19Socioeconomic characteristicsComparative analysisStructural influence of communication |
| spellingShingle | Woohyun Yoo Yangsun Hong Sang-Hwa Oh Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South Korea BMC Public Health Communication inequalities COVID-19 Socioeconomic characteristics Comparative analysis Structural influence of communication |
| title | Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South Korea |
| title_full | Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South Korea |
| title_fullStr | Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South Korea |
| title_short | Communication inequalities in the COVID-19 pandemic: socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the United States and South Korea |
| title_sort | communication inequalities in the covid 19 pandemic socioeconomic differences and preventive behaviors in the united states and south korea |
| topic | Communication inequalities COVID-19 Socioeconomic characteristics Comparative analysis Structural influence of communication |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16211-8 |
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