Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence
Carotenoids are well known for their potent antioxidant function in the cellular system. However, in cancer cells with an innately high level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), carotenoids may act as potent pro-oxidant molecules and trigger ROS-mediated apoptosis. In recent years, the p...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/6/532 |
| _version_ | 1797565045379432448 |
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| author | Juhyun Shin Min-Ho Song Jae-Wook Oh Young-Soo Keum Ramesh Kumar Saini |
| author_facet | Juhyun Shin Min-Ho Song Jae-Wook Oh Young-Soo Keum Ramesh Kumar Saini |
| author_sort | Juhyun Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carotenoids are well known for their potent antioxidant function in the cellular system. However, in cancer cells with an innately high level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), carotenoids may act as potent pro-oxidant molecules and trigger ROS-mediated apoptosis. In recent years, the pro-oxidant function of several common dietary carotenoids, including astaxanthin, β-carotene, fucoxanthin, and lycopene, has been investigated for their effective killing effects on various cancer cell lines. Besides, when carotenoids are delivered with ROS-inducing cytotoxic drugs (e.g., anthracyclines), they can minimize the adverse effects of these drugs on normal cells by acting as antioxidants without interfering with their cytotoxic effects on cancer cells as pro-oxidants. These dynamic actions of carotenoids can optimize oxidative stress in normal cells while enhancing oxidative stress in cancer cells. This review discusses possible mechanisms of carotenoid-triggered ROS production in cancer cells, the activation of pro-apoptotic signaling by ROS, and apoptotic cell death. Moreover, synergistic actions of carotenoids with ROS-inducing anti-cancer drugs are discussed, and research gaps are suggested. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:06:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0875166aad24a53adaaf7d8eaa8e8a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:06:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0875166aad24a53adaaf7d8eaa8e8a82023-11-20T04:08:31ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-06-019653210.3390/antiox9060532Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging EvidenceJuhyun Shin0Min-Ho Song1Jae-Wook Oh2Young-Soo Keum3Ramesh Kumar Saini4Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, KoreaDepartment of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, KoreaDepartment of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, KoreaDepartment of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, KoreaDepartment of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, KoreaCarotenoids are well known for their potent antioxidant function in the cellular system. However, in cancer cells with an innately high level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), carotenoids may act as potent pro-oxidant molecules and trigger ROS-mediated apoptosis. In recent years, the pro-oxidant function of several common dietary carotenoids, including astaxanthin, β-carotene, fucoxanthin, and lycopene, has been investigated for their effective killing effects on various cancer cell lines. Besides, when carotenoids are delivered with ROS-inducing cytotoxic drugs (e.g., anthracyclines), they can minimize the adverse effects of these drugs on normal cells by acting as antioxidants without interfering with their cytotoxic effects on cancer cells as pro-oxidants. These dynamic actions of carotenoids can optimize oxidative stress in normal cells while enhancing oxidative stress in cancer cells. This review discusses possible mechanisms of carotenoid-triggered ROS production in cancer cells, the activation of pro-apoptotic signaling by ROS, and apoptotic cell death. Moreover, synergistic actions of carotenoids with ROS-inducing anti-cancer drugs are discussed, and research gaps are suggested.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/6/532astaxanthinfucoxanthinβ-carotenelycopenebixinapocarotenoids |
| spellingShingle | Juhyun Shin Min-Ho Song Jae-Wook Oh Young-Soo Keum Ramesh Kumar Saini Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence Antioxidants astaxanthin fucoxanthin β-carotene lycopene bixin apocarotenoids |
| title | Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence |
| title_full | Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence |
| title_fullStr | Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence |
| title_short | Pro-oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence |
| title_sort | pro oxidant actions of carotenoids in triggering apoptosis of cancer cells a review of emerging evidence |
| topic | astaxanthin fucoxanthin β-carotene lycopene bixin apocarotenoids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/6/532 |
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