PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction Welding
Friction welding is a popular process for joining metal and polymer work pieces by rubbing them against each other. This way, friction heat is generated in a zone of the faying surfaces, thinner than 1 mm. After cooling down, the heated surfaces establish a tight and strong bond. To improve this joi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4565 |
| _version_ | 1827709706481696768 |
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| author | Wei Zou Werner Karl Schomburg |
| author_facet | Wei Zou Werner Karl Schomburg |
| author_sort | Wei Zou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Friction welding is a popular process for joining metal and polymer work pieces by rubbing them against each other. This way, friction heat is generated in a zone of the faying surfaces, thinner than 1 mm. After cooling down, the heated surfaces establish a tight and strong bond. To improve this joining process, a method is desirable allowing measuring generated temperature and shear stress in the zone between the joining work pieces. Unfortunately, this is a very difficult task because the welding zone cannot be accessed with a sensor without significantly altering the process and thereby the desired measurement results. This paper describes how shear stress and temperature change generated by rubbing polymer pieces in a friction welding machine have been measured between the faying surfaces by employing sensor foils from the piezoelectric and pyroelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). This way, heating and cooling rates, pressure rise of the pneumatic system, frequency rise of the starting machine, the duration of starting and stopping, the damping of the vibrations after the drive was stopped, and the stress generated by the pullback of the machine head have been measured. A careful characterization of the sensor was necessary to enable distinguishing the measured voltage due to straining, shearing and temperature change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:25:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0889ff42afa47a6a69acfe824e0e217 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:25:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0889ff42afa47a6a69acfe824e0e2172023-11-20T10:11:43ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202020-08-012016456510.3390/s20164565PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction WeldingWei Zou0Werner Karl Schomburg1KEmikro, Campus-Boulevard 30, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyKEmikro, Campus-Boulevard 30, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyFriction welding is a popular process for joining metal and polymer work pieces by rubbing them against each other. This way, friction heat is generated in a zone of the faying surfaces, thinner than 1 mm. After cooling down, the heated surfaces establish a tight and strong bond. To improve this joining process, a method is desirable allowing measuring generated temperature and shear stress in the zone between the joining work pieces. Unfortunately, this is a very difficult task because the welding zone cannot be accessed with a sensor without significantly altering the process and thereby the desired measurement results. This paper describes how shear stress and temperature change generated by rubbing polymer pieces in a friction welding machine have been measured between the faying surfaces by employing sensor foils from the piezoelectric and pyroelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). This way, heating and cooling rates, pressure rise of the pneumatic system, frequency rise of the starting machine, the duration of starting and stopping, the damping of the vibrations after the drive was stopped, and the stress generated by the pullback of the machine head have been measured. A careful characterization of the sensor was necessary to enable distinguishing the measured voltage due to straining, shearing and temperature change.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4565PVDF sensorpiezoelectricpyroelectricshear stresstemperaturefriction welding |
| spellingShingle | Wei Zou Werner Karl Schomburg PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction Welding Sensors PVDF sensor piezoelectric pyroelectric shear stress temperature friction welding |
| title | PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction Welding |
| title_full | PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction Welding |
| title_fullStr | PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction Welding |
| title_full_unstemmed | PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction Welding |
| title_short | PVDF Sensor Foils Employed to Measure Shear Stress and Temperature of Friction Welding |
| title_sort | pvdf sensor foils employed to measure shear stress and temperature of friction welding |
| topic | PVDF sensor piezoelectric pyroelectric shear stress temperature friction welding |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/16/4565 |
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