Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution Estimation
Fragmentation size distribution estimation is a critical process in mining operations that employ blasting. In this study, we aim to create a low-cost, efficient system for producing a scaled 3D model without the use of ground truth data, such as GCPs (Ground Control Points), for the purpose of impr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Minerals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/12/1301 |
| _version_ | 1797502334808358912 |
|---|---|
| author | Zedrick Paul L. Tungol Hisatoshi Toriya Narihiro Owada Itaru Kitahara Fumiaki Inagaki Mahdi Saadat Hyong Doo Jang Youhei Kawamura |
| author_facet | Zedrick Paul L. Tungol Hisatoshi Toriya Narihiro Owada Itaru Kitahara Fumiaki Inagaki Mahdi Saadat Hyong Doo Jang Youhei Kawamura |
| author_sort | Zedrick Paul L. Tungol |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fragmentation size distribution estimation is a critical process in mining operations that employ blasting. In this study, we aim to create a low-cost, efficient system for producing a scaled 3D model without the use of ground truth data, such as GCPs (Ground Control Points), for the purpose of improving fragmentation size distribution measurement using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)-aided photogrammetry. However, the inherent error of GNSS data inhibits a straight-forward application in Structure-from-Motion (SfM). To overcome this, the study proposes that, by increasing the number of photos used in the SfM process, the scale error brought about by the GNSS error will proportionally decrease. Experiments indicated that constraining camera positions to locations, relative or otherwise, improved the accuracy of the generated 3D model. In further experiments, the results showed that the scale error decreased when more images from the same dataset were used. The proposed method is practical and easy to transport as it only requires a smartphone and, optionally, a separate camera. In conclusion, with some modifications to the workflow, technique, and equipment, a muckpile can be accurately recreated in scale in the digital world with the use of positional data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:31:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c090105a22a34077b9a00cf1debd180d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:31:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-c090105a22a34077b9a00cf1debd180d2023-11-23T09:40:53ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2021-11-011112130110.3390/min11121301Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution EstimationZedrick Paul L. Tungol0Hisatoshi Toriya1Narihiro Owada2Itaru Kitahara3Fumiaki Inagaki4Mahdi Saadat5Hyong Doo Jang6Youhei Kawamura7Department of Earth Resource Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Akita University, Akita 010-8502, JapanDepartment of Earth Resource Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Akita University, Akita 010-8502, JapanDepartment of Earth Resource Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Akita University, Akita 010-8502, JapanCenter for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, JapanDepartment of Earth Resource Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Akita University, Akita 010-8502, JapanDepartment of Earth Resource Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Akita University, Akita 010-8502, JapanWestern Australian School of Mines, Curtin University, Perth 6845, AustraliaDivision of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 060-0817, JapanFragmentation size distribution estimation is a critical process in mining operations that employ blasting. In this study, we aim to create a low-cost, efficient system for producing a scaled 3D model without the use of ground truth data, such as GCPs (Ground Control Points), for the purpose of improving fragmentation size distribution measurement using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)-aided photogrammetry. However, the inherent error of GNSS data inhibits a straight-forward application in Structure-from-Motion (SfM). To overcome this, the study proposes that, by increasing the number of photos used in the SfM process, the scale error brought about by the GNSS error will proportionally decrease. Experiments indicated that constraining camera positions to locations, relative or otherwise, improved the accuracy of the generated 3D model. In further experiments, the results showed that the scale error decreased when more images from the same dataset were used. The proposed method is practical and easy to transport as it only requires a smartphone and, optionally, a separate camera. In conclusion, with some modifications to the workflow, technique, and equipment, a muckpile can be accurately recreated in scale in the digital world with the use of positional data.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/12/1301point cloud scalingfragmentation size analysisstructure from motion |
| spellingShingle | Zedrick Paul L. Tungol Hisatoshi Toriya Narihiro Owada Itaru Kitahara Fumiaki Inagaki Mahdi Saadat Hyong Doo Jang Youhei Kawamura Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution Estimation Minerals point cloud scaling fragmentation size analysis structure from motion |
| title | Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution Estimation |
| title_full | Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution Estimation |
| title_fullStr | Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution Estimation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution Estimation |
| title_short | Model Scaling in Smartphone GNSS-Aided Photogrammetry for Fragmentation Size Distribution Estimation |
| title_sort | model scaling in smartphone gnss aided photogrammetry for fragmentation size distribution estimation |
| topic | point cloud scaling fragmentation size analysis structure from motion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/12/1301 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zedrickpaulltungol modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation AT hisatoshitoriya modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation AT narihiroowada modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation AT itarukitahara modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation AT fumiakiinagaki modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation AT mahdisaadat modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation AT hyongdoojang modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation AT youheikawamura modelscalinginsmartphonegnssaidedphotogrammetryforfragmentationsizedistributionestimation |