Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>
The efficiency of magnetic seed coagulation (MSC) with pH adjustment by NaOH and Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> as a pretreatment for high-strength natural rubber industrial wastewater (NRIWW) was compared in this study. The high content of suspended solids (SSs) and other inhibitory substances of N...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| author | Ishanka Prabhath Wimalaweera Yuansong Wei Tharindu Ritigala Yawei Wang Hui Zhong Rohan Weerasooriya Shameen Jinadasa Sujithra Weragoda |
| author_facet | Ishanka Prabhath Wimalaweera Yuansong Wei Tharindu Ritigala Yawei Wang Hui Zhong Rohan Weerasooriya Shameen Jinadasa Sujithra Weragoda |
| author_sort | Ishanka Prabhath Wimalaweera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The efficiency of magnetic seed coagulation (MSC) with pH adjustment by NaOH and Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> as a pretreatment for high-strength natural rubber industrial wastewater (NRIWW) was compared in this study. The high content of suspended solids (SSs) and other inhibitory substances of NRIWW is a primary issue which affects its subsequent secondary and tertiary treatment processes. The MSC process with polyaluminum chloride (PAC), anionic polymer (polyacrylamide—PAM)), and magnetic seeds (MS) (ferric oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)) was proven to be a cost-effective pretreatment of NRIWW, and Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> showed improved pretreatment performance, with turbidity, COD, and TSS removals of 95%, 56%, and 64%, respectively. Sedimentation was enhanced from 30 min by conventional coagulation to less than 5 min by the MSC. The organic components of NRIWW reacted with MS to generate Fe–OH/Fe–OH<sup>+</sup> linkages through processes of surface complexing and hydrogen bonding. According to fractal analysis, the MSC process optimized with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> produces less complex flocs that are uniform and densely packed. Additionally, MS served as an adsorbent and promoted the development of magnetic flocs by boosting their density and size. MSC with pH adjustment by Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> presents a robust and cost-effective pretreatment process for NRIWW. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:45:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0925ea0b47344a49808f153e05e53e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:45:25Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0925ea0b47344a49808f153e05e53e72024-03-27T14:08:20ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412024-03-0116684710.3390/w16060847Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>Ishanka Prabhath Wimalaweera0Yuansong Wei1Tharindu Ritigala2Yawei Wang3Hui Zhong4Rohan Weerasooriya5Shameen Jinadasa6Sujithra Weragoda7State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaNational Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hanthana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri LankaDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri LankaChina-Sri Lanka Joint Research and Demonstration Center for Water Technology, Ministry of Water Supply, Meewathura, Peradeniya 20400, Sri LankaThe efficiency of magnetic seed coagulation (MSC) with pH adjustment by NaOH and Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> as a pretreatment for high-strength natural rubber industrial wastewater (NRIWW) was compared in this study. The high content of suspended solids (SSs) and other inhibitory substances of NRIWW is a primary issue which affects its subsequent secondary and tertiary treatment processes. The MSC process with polyaluminum chloride (PAC), anionic polymer (polyacrylamide—PAM)), and magnetic seeds (MS) (ferric oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)) was proven to be a cost-effective pretreatment of NRIWW, and Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> showed improved pretreatment performance, with turbidity, COD, and TSS removals of 95%, 56%, and 64%, respectively. Sedimentation was enhanced from 30 min by conventional coagulation to less than 5 min by the MSC. The organic components of NRIWW reacted with MS to generate Fe–OH/Fe–OH<sup>+</sup> linkages through processes of surface complexing and hydrogen bonding. According to fractal analysis, the MSC process optimized with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> produces less complex flocs that are uniform and densely packed. Additionally, MS served as an adsorbent and promoted the development of magnetic flocs by boosting their density and size. MSC with pH adjustment by Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> presents a robust and cost-effective pretreatment process for NRIWW.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/6/847natural rubber industrial wastewatermagnetic seed coagulationpretreatmentsedimentationpH adjustment |
| spellingShingle | Ishanka Prabhath Wimalaweera Yuansong Wei Tharindu Ritigala Yawei Wang Hui Zhong Rohan Weerasooriya Shameen Jinadasa Sujithra Weragoda Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> Water natural rubber industrial wastewater magnetic seed coagulation pretreatment sedimentation pH adjustment |
| title | Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full | Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> |
| title_short | Enhanced Pretreatment of Natural Rubber Industrial Wastewater Using Magnetic Seed Coagulation with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> |
| title_sort | enhanced pretreatment of natural rubber industrial wastewater using magnetic seed coagulation with ca oh sub 2 sub |
| topic | natural rubber industrial wastewater magnetic seed coagulation pretreatment sedimentation pH adjustment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/6/847 |
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