Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus
Abstract Norepinephrine modulates synaptic plasticity in various brain regions and is implicated in memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. The cerebellum is involved in motor learning, and adaptations of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) have been studied as mo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04273-9 |
| _version_ | 1818751912382562304 |
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| author | Ryo Wakita Soshi Tanabe Kazunari Tabei Asako Funaki Takuma Inoshita Tomoo Hirano |
| author_facet | Ryo Wakita Soshi Tanabe Kazunari Tabei Asako Funaki Takuma Inoshita Tomoo Hirano |
| author_sort | Ryo Wakita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Norepinephrine modulates synaptic plasticity in various brain regions and is implicated in memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. The cerebellum is involved in motor learning, and adaptations of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) have been studied as models of cerebellum-dependent motor learning. Previous studies showed the involvement of adrenergic systems in the regulation of VOR, OKR and cerebellar synaptic functions. Here, we show differential contributions of β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the mouse cerebellar flocculus to VOR and OKR control. Effects of application of β- or α2-adrenergic agonist or antagonist into the flocculus suggest that the β-adrenergic receptor activity maintains the VOR gain at high levels and contributes to adaptation of OKR, and that α2-adrenergic receptor counteracts the β-receptor activity in VOR and OKR control. We also examined effects of norepinephrine application, and the results suggest that norepinephrine regulates VOR and OKR through β-adrenergic receptor at low concentrations and through α2-receptor at high concentrations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T04:43:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c09abcdc535c43008ed75c376086987f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T04:43:06Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-c09abcdc535c43008ed75c376086987f2022-12-21T21:20:40ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222017-06-017111210.1038/s41598-017-04273-9Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculusRyo Wakita0Soshi Tanabe1Kazunari Tabei2Asako Funaki3Takuma Inoshita4Tomoo Hirano5Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityAbstract Norepinephrine modulates synaptic plasticity in various brain regions and is implicated in memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. The cerebellum is involved in motor learning, and adaptations of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) have been studied as models of cerebellum-dependent motor learning. Previous studies showed the involvement of adrenergic systems in the regulation of VOR, OKR and cerebellar synaptic functions. Here, we show differential contributions of β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the mouse cerebellar flocculus to VOR and OKR control. Effects of application of β- or α2-adrenergic agonist or antagonist into the flocculus suggest that the β-adrenergic receptor activity maintains the VOR gain at high levels and contributes to adaptation of OKR, and that α2-adrenergic receptor counteracts the β-receptor activity in VOR and OKR control. We also examined effects of norepinephrine application, and the results suggest that norepinephrine regulates VOR and OKR through β-adrenergic receptor at low concentrations and through α2-receptor at high concentrations.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04273-9 |
| spellingShingle | Ryo Wakita Soshi Tanabe Kazunari Tabei Asako Funaki Takuma Inoshita Tomoo Hirano Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus Scientific Reports |
| title | Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus |
| title_full | Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus |
| title_fullStr | Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus |
| title_short | Differential regulations of vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus |
| title_sort | differential regulations of vestibulo ocular reflex and optokinetic response by β and α2 adrenergic receptors in the cerebellar flocculus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04273-9 |
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