| Summary: | Purpose We evaluated the risk factors for progression to chronic complicated bronchopleural
fistula (BPF) after pulmonary resection using follow-up CT.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 45 cases with BPF that had undergone
pulmonary resection during 2010-2018. We compared the clinical and radiological characteristics
of those with complicated BPF (n = 24) and those without complicated (sterilized) BPF (n =
21). The clinical and radiological risk factors for progression to chronic complicated BPF were
examined by logistic regression analysis.
Results The thickness of the pleural cavity wall (p = 0.022), the size of the pleural cavity (p =
0.029), and the size increase of BPF on follow-up (p = 0.012) were significantly different between
the two groups. The risk factors for progression to chronic complicated BPF were age
> 70 years (odds ratio, 6.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–33.7), the thickness of the cavity wall
> 5 mm (odds ratio, 52.5; 95% confidence interval, 5.1–545.4), and an increase in the size of the
pleural cavity on follow-up CT (odds ratio, 12.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.1–73.5), only in the
univariate analysis.
Conclusion The risk factors for progression to chronic complicated BPF can be evaluated using
follow-up CT.
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