Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature
In contemporary clinical practice, biomarkers are indispensable in the assessment and management of oncological patients. Although established serum tumor markers (beta human chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) have an indisputably important role...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Life |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/3/600 |
| _version_ | 1827749132115116032 |
|---|---|
| author | Aleksandar Janicic Milos Petrovic Milica Zekovic Nenad Vasilic Vesna Coric Bogomir Milojevic Marko Zivkovic Uros Bumbasirevic |
| author_facet | Aleksandar Janicic Milos Petrovic Milica Zekovic Nenad Vasilic Vesna Coric Bogomir Milojevic Marko Zivkovic Uros Bumbasirevic |
| author_sort | Aleksandar Janicic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In contemporary clinical practice, biomarkers are indispensable in the assessment and management of oncological patients. Although established serum tumor markers (beta human chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) have an indisputably important role in the management of patients with testicular cancer (TC), the application of these tumor markers may be accompanied with certain limitations, implying the need for additional biomarkers. Contrary to TC, there is a lack of established serological biomarkers for penile cancer (PC) and the management of this urological malignancy is based on multiple clinicopathological parameters. Therefore, the identification and rigorous analytical and clinical validation of reliable biomarkers are considered pivotal for improving PC management. Inflammation may be associated with all stages of oncogenesis, from initial neoplastic transformation to angiogenesis, tissue invasion, and metastasis. Accordingly, an array of inflammation-related indices have gained increasing attention as emerging predictors of oncological outcomes. The clinical usefulness of systemic inflammation markers was reported in many urological and non-urological malignancies. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize current scientific data regarding the prognostic and predictive significance of systemic inflammation markers in TC and PC patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:17:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0af76afc507433a8f0ec797a0aa5edb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:17:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0af76afc507433a8f0ec797a0aa5edb2023-11-17T12:09:46ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-02-0113360010.3390/life13030600Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current LiteratureAleksandar Janicic0Milos Petrovic1Milica Zekovic2Nenad Vasilic3Vesna Coric4Bogomir Milojevic5Marko Zivkovic6Uros Bumbasirevic7Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaCentre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaIn contemporary clinical practice, biomarkers are indispensable in the assessment and management of oncological patients. Although established serum tumor markers (beta human chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) have an indisputably important role in the management of patients with testicular cancer (TC), the application of these tumor markers may be accompanied with certain limitations, implying the need for additional biomarkers. Contrary to TC, there is a lack of established serological biomarkers for penile cancer (PC) and the management of this urological malignancy is based on multiple clinicopathological parameters. Therefore, the identification and rigorous analytical and clinical validation of reliable biomarkers are considered pivotal for improving PC management. Inflammation may be associated with all stages of oncogenesis, from initial neoplastic transformation to angiogenesis, tissue invasion, and metastasis. Accordingly, an array of inflammation-related indices have gained increasing attention as emerging predictors of oncological outcomes. The clinical usefulness of systemic inflammation markers was reported in many urological and non-urological malignancies. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize current scientific data regarding the prognostic and predictive significance of systemic inflammation markers in TC and PC patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/3/600inflammationtesticular cancerpenile cancerprognostic biomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandar Janicic Milos Petrovic Milica Zekovic Nenad Vasilic Vesna Coric Bogomir Milojevic Marko Zivkovic Uros Bumbasirevic Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature Life inflammation testicular cancer penile cancer prognostic biomarkers |
| title | Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature |
| title_full | Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature |
| title_fullStr | Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature |
| title_short | Prognostic Significance of Systemic Inflammation Markers in Testicular and Penile Cancer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature |
| title_sort | prognostic significance of systemic inflammation markers in testicular and penile cancer a narrative review of current literature |
| topic | inflammation testicular cancer penile cancer prognostic biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/3/600 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aleksandarjanicic prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature AT milospetrovic prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature AT milicazekovic prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature AT nenadvasilic prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature AT vesnacoric prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature AT bogomirmilojevic prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature AT markozivkovic prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature AT urosbumbasirevic prognosticsignificanceofsystemicinflammationmarkersintesticularandpenilecanceranarrativereviewofcurrentliterature |