Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL Mapping
The interfrontal bone (IF) is a minor skeletal trait residing between the frontal bones. IF is considered a quasi-continuous trait. Genetic and environmental factors appear to play roles in its development. The mechanism(s) underlying IF bone development are poorly understood. We sought to survey in...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2019.00291/full |
| _version_ | 1811281305101402112 |
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| author | Heather Zimmerman Zhaoyu Yin Fei Zou Eric T. Everett Eric T. Everett |
| author_facet | Heather Zimmerman Zhaoyu Yin Fei Zou Eric T. Everett Eric T. Everett |
| author_sort | Heather Zimmerman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The interfrontal bone (IF) is a minor skeletal trait residing between the frontal bones. IF is considered a quasi-continuous trait. Genetic and environmental factors appear to play roles in its development. The mechanism(s) underlying IF bone development are poorly understood. We sought to survey inbred strains of mice for the prevalence of IF and to perform QTL mapping studies. Archived mouse skulls from a mouse phenome project (MPP) were available for this study. 27 inbred strains were investigated with 6–20 mice examined for each strain. Skulls were viewed dorsally and the IF measured using a zoom stereomicroscope equipped with a calibrated reticle. A two generation cross between C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J mice was performed to generate a panel of 468 F2 mice. F2 mice were phenotyped for presence or absence of IF bone and among mice with the IF bone maximum widths and lengths were measured. F2 mice were genotyped for 573 SNP markers informative between the two strains and subjected to linkage map construction and interval QTL mapping. Results: Strain dependent differences in the prevalence of IF bones were observed. Overall, 77.8% or 21/27, of the inbred strains examined had IF bones. Six strains (C3H/HeJ, MOLF/EiJ, NZW/LacJ, SPRET/EiJ, SWR/J, and WSB/EiJ) lack IF bones. Among the strains with IF bones, the prevalence ranged from 100% for C57BL/6J, C57/LJ, CBA/J, and NZB/B1NJ and down to 5% for strains such as CAST/Ei. QTL mapping for IF bone length and widths identifies for each trait one strong QTL detected on chromosome 14 along with several other significant QTLs on chromosomes 3, 4, 7, and 11. Strain dependent differences in IF will facilitate investigation of genetic factors contributing to IF development. IF bone formation may be a model to understand intrasutural bone formation. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:31:23Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0afa55554c74976a332b1f19ef76f0d2022-12-22T03:08:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212019-04-011010.3389/fgene.2019.00291418224Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL MappingHeather Zimmerman0Zhaoyu Yin1Fei Zou2Eric T. Everett3Eric T. Everett4Dental Research, School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDepartment of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDepartment of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDental Research, School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesThe interfrontal bone (IF) is a minor skeletal trait residing between the frontal bones. IF is considered a quasi-continuous trait. Genetic and environmental factors appear to play roles in its development. The mechanism(s) underlying IF bone development are poorly understood. We sought to survey inbred strains of mice for the prevalence of IF and to perform QTL mapping studies. Archived mouse skulls from a mouse phenome project (MPP) were available for this study. 27 inbred strains were investigated with 6–20 mice examined for each strain. Skulls were viewed dorsally and the IF measured using a zoom stereomicroscope equipped with a calibrated reticle. A two generation cross between C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J mice was performed to generate a panel of 468 F2 mice. F2 mice were phenotyped for presence or absence of IF bone and among mice with the IF bone maximum widths and lengths were measured. F2 mice were genotyped for 573 SNP markers informative between the two strains and subjected to linkage map construction and interval QTL mapping. Results: Strain dependent differences in the prevalence of IF bones were observed. Overall, 77.8% or 21/27, of the inbred strains examined had IF bones. Six strains (C3H/HeJ, MOLF/EiJ, NZW/LacJ, SPRET/EiJ, SWR/J, and WSB/EiJ) lack IF bones. Among the strains with IF bones, the prevalence ranged from 100% for C57BL/6J, C57/LJ, CBA/J, and NZB/B1NJ and down to 5% for strains such as CAST/Ei. QTL mapping for IF bone length and widths identifies for each trait one strong QTL detected on chromosome 14 along with several other significant QTLs on chromosomes 3, 4, 7, and 11. Strain dependent differences in IF will facilitate investigation of genetic factors contributing to IF development. IF bone formation may be a model to understand intrasutural bone formation.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2019.00291/fullinbred mouse strainsinterfrontal bonewormian boneQTLquantitative traitskeletal variant |
| spellingShingle | Heather Zimmerman Zhaoyu Yin Fei Zou Eric T. Everett Eric T. Everett Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL Mapping Frontiers in Genetics inbred mouse strains interfrontal bone wormian bone QTL quantitative trait skeletal variant |
| title | Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL Mapping |
| title_full | Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL Mapping |
| title_fullStr | Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL Mapping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL Mapping |
| title_short | Interfrontal Bone Among Inbred Strains of Mice and QTL Mapping |
| title_sort | interfrontal bone among inbred strains of mice and qtl mapping |
| topic | inbred mouse strains interfrontal bone wormian bone QTL quantitative trait skeletal variant |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fgene.2019.00291/full |
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