Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed Wind
The purpose of our work was to assess the feasibility of hindcasting waves using WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) in a typhoon by assembling winds from multiple remote-sensed products. During the typhoon season in 2021–2022, the swath wind products in the Western Pacific Ocean were collected from scatterometers...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/2010 |
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| author | Ru Yao Weizeng Shao Youguang Zhang Meng Wei Song Hu Juncheng Zuo |
| author_facet | Ru Yao Weizeng Shao Youguang Zhang Meng Wei Song Hu Juncheng Zuo |
| author_sort | Ru Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of our work was to assess the feasibility of hindcasting waves using WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) in a typhoon by assembling winds from multiple remote-sensed products. During the typhoon season in 2021–2022, the swath wind products in the Western Pacific Ocean were collected from scatterometers and radiometers. Cyclonic winds with a spatial resolution of 0.125° at intervals of 6 h were obtained by assembling the remote-sensed winds from those satellites. The maximum wind speeds, <i>V<sub>max</sub></i>, were verified using the reanalysis data from the National Hurricane Center (NHC), yielding a root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of 4.79 m/s and a scatter index (SI) value of 0.2. The simulated wave spectrum was compared with the measurements from Surface Waves Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) carried out on the Chinese–French Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT), yielding a correlation coefficient (Cor) of 0.80, squared error (Err) of 0.49, RMSE of significant wave height (SWH) of 0.48 m with an SI of 0.25, and an RMSE of the peak wave period (PWP) of 0.95 s with an SI of 0.10. The bias of wave (WW3 minus European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWFs) reanalysis (ERA-5)) concerning the bias of wind (assembling minus ERA-5) showed that the WW3-simulated SWH with the assembling wind forcing was significantly higher than that with the ERA-5 wind forcing. Moreover, the bias of SWH gradually increased with an increasing bias of wind speed; i.e., the bias of SWH increased up to 4 m as the bias of wind speed reached 30 m/s. It was concluded that the assembling wind from multiple scatterometers and radiometers is a promising source for wave simulations via WW3 in typhoons. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:09:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0b0bf21304b4ca993025ca6236e5cdd2023-11-19T16:59:51ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-10-011110201010.3390/jmse11102010Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed WindRu Yao0Weizeng Shao1Youguang Zhang2Meng Wei3Song Hu4Juncheng Zuo5College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaNational Satellite Ocean Application Service, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaCollege of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaThe purpose of our work was to assess the feasibility of hindcasting waves using WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) in a typhoon by assembling winds from multiple remote-sensed products. During the typhoon season in 2021–2022, the swath wind products in the Western Pacific Ocean were collected from scatterometers and radiometers. Cyclonic winds with a spatial resolution of 0.125° at intervals of 6 h were obtained by assembling the remote-sensed winds from those satellites. The maximum wind speeds, <i>V<sub>max</sub></i>, were verified using the reanalysis data from the National Hurricane Center (NHC), yielding a root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of 4.79 m/s and a scatter index (SI) value of 0.2. The simulated wave spectrum was compared with the measurements from Surface Waves Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) carried out on the Chinese–French Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT), yielding a correlation coefficient (Cor) of 0.80, squared error (Err) of 0.49, RMSE of significant wave height (SWH) of 0.48 m with an SI of 0.25, and an RMSE of the peak wave period (PWP) of 0.95 s with an SI of 0.10. The bias of wave (WW3 minus European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWFs) reanalysis (ERA-5)) concerning the bias of wind (assembling minus ERA-5) showed that the WW3-simulated SWH with the assembling wind forcing was significantly higher than that with the ERA-5 wind forcing. Moreover, the bias of SWH gradually increased with an increasing bias of wind speed; i.e., the bias of SWH increased up to 4 m as the bias of wind speed reached 30 m/s. It was concluded that the assembling wind from multiple scatterometers and radiometers is a promising source for wave simulations via WW3 in typhoons.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/2010waveWAVEWATCH-IIIassembling wind |
| spellingShingle | Ru Yao Weizeng Shao Youguang Zhang Meng Wei Song Hu Juncheng Zuo Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed Wind Journal of Marine Science and Engineering wave WAVEWATCH-III assembling wind |
| title | Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed Wind |
| title_full | Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed Wind |
| title_fullStr | Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed Wind |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed Wind |
| title_short | Feasibility of Wave Simulation in Typhoon Using WAVEWATCH-III Forced by Remote-Sensed Wind |
| title_sort | feasibility of wave simulation in typhoon using wavewatch iii forced by remote sensed wind |
| topic | wave WAVEWATCH-III assembling wind |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/2010 |
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