Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium Chloride
Anesthesia serves as an effective method to mitigate the stress response in aquatic animals during aquaculture and product transportation. In this study, we assessed the anesthetic efficacy of clove oil, tricaine methane-sulfonate (MS-222), ethanol, and magnesium chloride by anesthesia duration, rec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/12/2124 |
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| author | Lulu Zhu Shanshan Qi Ce Shi Shujian Chen Yangfang Ye Chunlin Wang Changkao Mu Ronghua Li Qingyang Wu Xiaopeng Wang Yueyue Zhou |
| author_facet | Lulu Zhu Shanshan Qi Ce Shi Shujian Chen Yangfang Ye Chunlin Wang Changkao Mu Ronghua Li Qingyang Wu Xiaopeng Wang Yueyue Zhou |
| author_sort | Lulu Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anesthesia serves as an effective method to mitigate the stress response in aquatic animals during aquaculture and product transportation. In this study, we assessed the anesthetic efficacy of clove oil, tricaine methane-sulfonate (MS-222), ethanol, and magnesium chloride by anesthesia duration, recovery time, 24-hour survival rate, and the behavior of mud crabs (<i>Scylla paramamosain</i>). Additionally, the optimal anesthetic concentration for varying body weights of mud crabs was also investigated. The results revealed that clove oil emerged as the optimal anesthetic for mud crabs, with a 24-hour survival rate surpassing those observed in MS-222 and magnesium chloride treatments. Ethanol caused amputation and hyperactivity in mud crabs. Regression analyses between the optimal anesthetic concentration of clove oil and the weight categories of 0.03–27.50 g and 27.50–399.73 g for mud crabs yielded the following equations: y = 0.0036 x<sup>3</sup> − 0.1629 x<sup>2</sup> + 1.7314 x + 4.085 (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7115) and y = 0.0437 x + 2.9461 (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9549). Clove oil exhibited no significant impact on serum cortisol, glucose, lactate content, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, or superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in mud crabs across different treatment groups. Anesthesia induced by clove oil in mud crabs resulted in an increase in inhibitory neurotransmitters such as glycine. However, the recovery from anesthesia was associated with elevated levels of the excitatory neurotransmitters L-aspartic acid and glutamate. In conclusion, clove oil proves to be a safe and optimal anesthetic agent for mud crabs, exerting no physiological stress on the species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:02:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0b1942c765b41feb279a9934231cb6a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:02:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0b1942c765b41feb279a9934231cb6a2023-12-22T13:48:38ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-12-011212212410.3390/antiox12122124Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium ChlorideLulu Zhu0Shanshan Qi1Ce Shi2Shujian Chen3Yangfang Ye4Chunlin Wang5Changkao Mu6Ronghua Li7Qingyang Wu8Xiaopeng Wang9Yueyue Zhou10Marine Economic Research Center, Donghai Academy, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, ChinaMarine Economic Research Center, Donghai Academy, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, ChinaMarine Economic Research Center, Donghai Academy, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, ChinaMarine Economic Research Center, Donghai Academy, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315000, ChinaAnesthesia serves as an effective method to mitigate the stress response in aquatic animals during aquaculture and product transportation. In this study, we assessed the anesthetic efficacy of clove oil, tricaine methane-sulfonate (MS-222), ethanol, and magnesium chloride by anesthesia duration, recovery time, 24-hour survival rate, and the behavior of mud crabs (<i>Scylla paramamosain</i>). Additionally, the optimal anesthetic concentration for varying body weights of mud crabs was also investigated. The results revealed that clove oil emerged as the optimal anesthetic for mud crabs, with a 24-hour survival rate surpassing those observed in MS-222 and magnesium chloride treatments. Ethanol caused amputation and hyperactivity in mud crabs. Regression analyses between the optimal anesthetic concentration of clove oil and the weight categories of 0.03–27.50 g and 27.50–399.73 g for mud crabs yielded the following equations: y = 0.0036 x<sup>3</sup> − 0.1629 x<sup>2</sup> + 1.7314 x + 4.085 (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7115) and y = 0.0437 x + 2.9461 (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9549). Clove oil exhibited no significant impact on serum cortisol, glucose, lactate content, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, or superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in mud crabs across different treatment groups. Anesthesia induced by clove oil in mud crabs resulted in an increase in inhibitory neurotransmitters such as glycine. However, the recovery from anesthesia was associated with elevated levels of the excitatory neurotransmitters L-aspartic acid and glutamate. In conclusion, clove oil proves to be a safe and optimal anesthetic agent for mud crabs, exerting no physiological stress on the species.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/12/2124<i>Scylla paramamosain</i>anestheticphysiological responseantioxidant capacityneurotransmittersmetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Lulu Zhu Shanshan Qi Ce Shi Shujian Chen Yangfang Ye Chunlin Wang Changkao Mu Ronghua Li Qingyang Wu Xiaopeng Wang Yueyue Zhou Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium Chloride Antioxidants <i>Scylla paramamosain</i> anesthetic physiological response antioxidant capacity neurotransmitters metabolomics |
| title | Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium Chloride |
| title_full | Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium Chloride |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium Chloride |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium Chloride |
| title_short | Optimizing Anesthetic Practices for Mud Crab: A Comparative Study of Clove Oil, MS-222, Ethanol, and Magnesium Chloride |
| title_sort | optimizing anesthetic practices for mud crab a comparative study of clove oil ms 222 ethanol and magnesium chloride |
| topic | <i>Scylla paramamosain</i> anesthetic physiological response antioxidant capacity neurotransmitters metabolomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/12/2124 |
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