Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding
Abstract Molecular data storage is becoming a viable alternative to traditional information storage systems. Here, we propose a method where the presence or absence of a given molecule in a mixture of compounds represents a bit of information. As a novel approach, direct analysis in real time (DART)...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43658-x |
| _version_ | 1797452939800870912 |
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| author | Veronika Pardi-Tóth Ákos Kuki Marcell Árpád Kordován Gergő Róth Lajos Nagy Miklós Zsuga Tibor Nagy Sándor Kéki |
| author_facet | Veronika Pardi-Tóth Ákos Kuki Marcell Árpád Kordován Gergő Róth Lajos Nagy Miklós Zsuga Tibor Nagy Sándor Kéki |
| author_sort | Veronika Pardi-Tóth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Molecular data storage is becoming a viable alternative to traditional information storage systems. Here, we propose a method where the presence or absence of a given molecule in a mixture of compounds represents a bit of information. As a novel approach, direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry is used to recover and decode the information stored at the molecular level. Nicotinic acid derivatives were synthesized and used as the ‘bit compounds’. Their volatility and ease of ionization make these molecules especially suitable for DART-MS detection. The application of DART-MS as a method with an ambient ionization technique, enables the re-reading of digital chemical codes embedded in the material of ordinary objects. Our method is designed to store and read back short pieces of digital information, up to several hundred bits. These codes can have the function of barcodes or QR codes, as shown in our proof-of-principle applications. First, modelling a QR code as a link to our university's website, three solutions were prepared, each representing 22 bits. Proceeding further, the bit compounds were incorporated into a polymer matrix that is suitable for 3D printing, and a toy ship was created with a hidden barcode. In addition, decoding software was developed to process the DART-MS spectra. The nicotinic acid components representing the bits dominated the DART-MS spectra and error-free decoding was achieved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:15:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0c0c7bb2d5843a28a2649b97b18737f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:15:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0c0c7bb2d5843a28a2649b97b18737f2023-11-26T13:05:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-10-011311710.1038/s41598-023-43658-xMolecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decodingVeronika Pardi-Tóth0Ákos Kuki1Marcell Árpád Kordován2Gergő Róth3Lajos Nagy4Miklós Zsuga5Tibor Nagy6Sándor Kéki7Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenAbstract Molecular data storage is becoming a viable alternative to traditional information storage systems. Here, we propose a method where the presence or absence of a given molecule in a mixture of compounds represents a bit of information. As a novel approach, direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry is used to recover and decode the information stored at the molecular level. Nicotinic acid derivatives were synthesized and used as the ‘bit compounds’. Their volatility and ease of ionization make these molecules especially suitable for DART-MS detection. The application of DART-MS as a method with an ambient ionization technique, enables the re-reading of digital chemical codes embedded in the material of ordinary objects. Our method is designed to store and read back short pieces of digital information, up to several hundred bits. These codes can have the function of barcodes or QR codes, as shown in our proof-of-principle applications. First, modelling a QR code as a link to our university's website, three solutions were prepared, each representing 22 bits. Proceeding further, the bit compounds were incorporated into a polymer matrix that is suitable for 3D printing, and a toy ship was created with a hidden barcode. In addition, decoding software was developed to process the DART-MS spectra. The nicotinic acid components representing the bits dominated the DART-MS spectra and error-free decoding was achieved.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43658-x |
| spellingShingle | Veronika Pardi-Tóth Ákos Kuki Marcell Árpád Kordován Gergő Róth Lajos Nagy Miklós Zsuga Tibor Nagy Sándor Kéki Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding Scientific Reports |
| title | Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding |
| title_full | Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding |
| title_fullStr | Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding |
| title_short | Molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization mass spectrometry for decoding |
| title_sort | molecular data storage using direct analysis in real time dart ionization mass spectrometry for decoding |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43658-x |
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