Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discovery
Objectives: To clarify the work done by using AI for identifying the genomic sequences, development of drugs and vaccines for COVID-19 and to recognize the advantages and challenges of using such technology. Methods: A non-systematic review was done. All articles published on Pub-Med, Medline, Googl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection and Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034122000144 |
| _version_ | 1819290677996945408 |
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| author | Sali Abubaker Bagabir Nahla Khamis Ibrahim Hala Abubaker Bagabir Raghdah Hashem Ateeq |
| author_facet | Sali Abubaker Bagabir Nahla Khamis Ibrahim Hala Abubaker Bagabir Raghdah Hashem Ateeq |
| author_sort | Sali Abubaker Bagabir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: To clarify the work done by using AI for identifying the genomic sequences, development of drugs and vaccines for COVID-19 and to recognize the advantages and challenges of using such technology. Methods: A non-systematic review was done. All articles published on Pub-Med, Medline, Google, and Google Scholar on AI or digital health regarding genomic sequencing, drug development, and vaccines of COVID-19 were scrutinized and summarized. Results: The sequence of SARS- CoV-2 was identified with the help of AI. It can help also in the prompt identification of variants of concern (VOC) as delta strains and Omicron. Furthermore, there are many drugs applied with the help of AI. These drugs included Atazanavir, Remdesivir, Efavirenz, Ritonavir, and Dolutegravir, PARP1 inhibitors (Olaparib and CVL218 which is Mefuparib hydrochloride), Abacavir, Roflumilast, Almitrine, and Mesylate. Many vaccines were developed utilizing the new technology of bioinformatics, databases, immune-informatics, machine learning, and reverse vaccinology to the whole SARS-CoV-2 proteomes or the structural proteins. Examples of these vaccines are the messenger RNA and viral vector vaccines. AI provides cost-saving and agility. However, the challenges of its usage are the difficulty of collecting data, the internal and external validation, ethical consideration, therapeutic effect, and the time needed for clinical trials after drug approval. Moreover, there is a common problem in the deep learning (DL) model which is the shortage of interpretability. Conclusion: The growth of AI techniques in health care opened a broad gate for discovering the genomic sequences of the COVID-19 virus and the VOC. AI helps also in the development of vaccines and drugs (including drug repurposing) to obtain potential preventive and therapeutic agents for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T03:26:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0c0eef2df0441859984e9919ad16f63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1876-0341 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T03:26:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Infection and Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0c0eef2df0441859984e9919ad16f632022-12-21T17:17:20ZengElsevierJournal of Infection and Public Health1876-03412022-02-01152289296Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discoverySali Abubaker Bagabir0Nahla Khamis Ibrahim1Hala Abubaker Bagabir2Raghdah Hashem Ateeq3Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi ArabiaCommunity Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Correspondence to: Community Medicine Department, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaObjectives: To clarify the work done by using AI for identifying the genomic sequences, development of drugs and vaccines for COVID-19 and to recognize the advantages and challenges of using such technology. Methods: A non-systematic review was done. All articles published on Pub-Med, Medline, Google, and Google Scholar on AI or digital health regarding genomic sequencing, drug development, and vaccines of COVID-19 were scrutinized and summarized. Results: The sequence of SARS- CoV-2 was identified with the help of AI. It can help also in the prompt identification of variants of concern (VOC) as delta strains and Omicron. Furthermore, there are many drugs applied with the help of AI. These drugs included Atazanavir, Remdesivir, Efavirenz, Ritonavir, and Dolutegravir, PARP1 inhibitors (Olaparib and CVL218 which is Mefuparib hydrochloride), Abacavir, Roflumilast, Almitrine, and Mesylate. Many vaccines were developed utilizing the new technology of bioinformatics, databases, immune-informatics, machine learning, and reverse vaccinology to the whole SARS-CoV-2 proteomes or the structural proteins. Examples of these vaccines are the messenger RNA and viral vector vaccines. AI provides cost-saving and agility. However, the challenges of its usage are the difficulty of collecting data, the internal and external validation, ethical consideration, therapeutic effect, and the time needed for clinical trials after drug approval. Moreover, there is a common problem in the deep learning (DL) model which is the shortage of interpretability. Conclusion: The growth of AI techniques in health care opened a broad gate for discovering the genomic sequences of the COVID-19 virus and the VOC. AI helps also in the development of vaccines and drugs (including drug repurposing) to obtain potential preventive and therapeutic agents for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034122000144COVID-19Artificial IntelligenceGenome sequencingDrugsVaccinesChallenges |
| spellingShingle | Sali Abubaker Bagabir Nahla Khamis Ibrahim Hala Abubaker Bagabir Raghdah Hashem Ateeq Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discovery Journal of Infection and Public Health COVID-19 Artificial Intelligence Genome sequencing Drugs Vaccines Challenges |
| title | Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discovery |
| title_full | Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discovery |
| title_fullStr | Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discovery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discovery |
| title_short | Covid-19 and Artificial Intelligence: Genome sequencing, drug development and vaccine discovery |
| title_sort | covid 19 and artificial intelligence genome sequencing drug development and vaccine discovery |
| topic | COVID-19 Artificial Intelligence Genome sequencing Drugs Vaccines Challenges |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034122000144 |
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