An Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments
Abstract Cladonia borealis is a lichen that inhabits Antarctica’s harsh environment. We sequenced the whole genome of a C. borealis culture isolated from a specimen collected in Antarctica using long-read sequencing technology to identify specific genetic elements related to its potential environmen...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51895-x |
| _version_ | 1827377345933082624 |
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| author | Minjoo Cho Seung Jae Lee Eunkyung Choi Jinmu Kim Soyun Choi Jun Hyuck Lee Hyun Park |
| author_facet | Minjoo Cho Seung Jae Lee Eunkyung Choi Jinmu Kim Soyun Choi Jun Hyuck Lee Hyun Park |
| author_sort | Minjoo Cho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Cladonia borealis is a lichen that inhabits Antarctica’s harsh environment. We sequenced the whole genome of a C. borealis culture isolated from a specimen collected in Antarctica using long-read sequencing technology to identify specific genetic elements related to its potential environmental adaptation. The final genome assembly produced 48 scaffolds, the longest being 2.2 Mbp, a 1.6 Mbp N50 contig length, and a 36 Mbp total length. A total of 10,749 protein-coding genes were annotated, containing 33 biosynthetic gene clusters and 102 carbohydrate-active enzymes. A comparative genomics analysis was conducted on six Cladonia species, and the genome of C. borealis exhibited 45 expanded and 50 contracted gene families. We identified that C. borealis has more Copia transposable elements and expanded transporters (ABC transporters and magnesium transporters) compared to other Cladonia species. Our results suggest that these differences contribute to C. borealis’ remarkable adaptability in the Antarctic environment. This study also provides a useful resource for the genomic analysis of lichens and genetic insights into the survival of species isolated from Antarctica. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:38:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0caea914ddd47388679887840d879fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:38:44Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0caea914ddd47388679887840d879fd2024-01-21T12:20:27ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-01-0114111110.1038/s41598-024-51895-xAn Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environmentsMinjoo Cho0Seung Jae Lee1Eunkyung Choi2Jinmu Kim3Soyun Choi4Jun Hyuck Lee5Hyun Park6Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea UniversityResearch Unit of Cryogenic Novel Material, Korea Polar Research InstituteDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea UniversityAbstract Cladonia borealis is a lichen that inhabits Antarctica’s harsh environment. We sequenced the whole genome of a C. borealis culture isolated from a specimen collected in Antarctica using long-read sequencing technology to identify specific genetic elements related to its potential environmental adaptation. The final genome assembly produced 48 scaffolds, the longest being 2.2 Mbp, a 1.6 Mbp N50 contig length, and a 36 Mbp total length. A total of 10,749 protein-coding genes were annotated, containing 33 biosynthetic gene clusters and 102 carbohydrate-active enzymes. A comparative genomics analysis was conducted on six Cladonia species, and the genome of C. borealis exhibited 45 expanded and 50 contracted gene families. We identified that C. borealis has more Copia transposable elements and expanded transporters (ABC transporters and magnesium transporters) compared to other Cladonia species. Our results suggest that these differences contribute to C. borealis’ remarkable adaptability in the Antarctic environment. This study also provides a useful resource for the genomic analysis of lichens and genetic insights into the survival of species isolated from Antarctica.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51895-x |
| spellingShingle | Minjoo Cho Seung Jae Lee Eunkyung Choi Jinmu Kim Soyun Choi Jun Hyuck Lee Hyun Park An Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments Scientific Reports |
| title | An Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments |
| title_full | An Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments |
| title_fullStr | An Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments |
| title_short | An Antarctic lichen isolate (Cladonia borealis) genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments |
| title_sort | antarctic lichen isolate cladonia borealis genome reveals potential adaptation to extreme environments |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51895-x |
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