Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoT

Motivated by the pervasiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in the current “smart everything” scenario, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent research at the intersection of both domains, focusing on the design and development of specif...

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Main Authors: Ivan Rodriguez-Conde, Celso Campos, Florentino Fdez-Riverola
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-02-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/1911
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author Ivan Rodriguez-Conde
Celso Campos
Florentino Fdez-Riverola
author_facet Ivan Rodriguez-Conde
Celso Campos
Florentino Fdez-Riverola
author_sort Ivan Rodriguez-Conde
collection DOAJ
description Motivated by the pervasiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in the current “smart everything” scenario, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent research at the intersection of both domains, focusing on the design and development of specific mechanisms for enabling a collaborative inference across edge devices towards the in situ execution of highly complex state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs), despite the resource-constrained nature of such infrastructures. In particular, the review discusses the most salient approaches conceived along those lines, elaborating on the specificities of the partitioning schemes and the parallelism paradigms explored, providing an organized and schematic discussion of the underlying workflows and associated communication patterns, as well as the architectural aspects of the DNNs that have driven the design of such techniques, while also highlighting both the primary challenges encountered at the design and operational levels and the specific adjustments or enhancements explored in response to them.
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spelling doaj.art-c0d7c53dbd1b4e5abdef1bcf2847922d2023-11-16T23:07:47ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-02-01234191110.3390/s23041911Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoTIvan Rodriguez-Conde0Celso Campos1Florentino Fdez-Riverola2Department of Computer Science, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, AR 72204, USADepartment of Computer Science, ESEI—Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, SpainCINBIO, Department of Computer Science, ESEI—Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, SpainMotivated by the pervasiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in the current “smart everything” scenario, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent research at the intersection of both domains, focusing on the design and development of specific mechanisms for enabling a collaborative inference across edge devices towards the in situ execution of highly complex state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs), despite the resource-constrained nature of such infrastructures. In particular, the review discusses the most salient approaches conceived along those lines, elaborating on the specificities of the partitioning schemes and the parallelism paradigms explored, providing an organized and schematic discussion of the underlying workflows and associated communication patterns, as well as the architectural aspects of the DNNs that have driven the design of such techniques, while also highlighting both the primary challenges encountered at the design and operational levels and the specific adjustments or enhancements explored in response to them.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/1911IoTcollaborative inferencedeep neural networksdistributed computingDNN splittingtask offloading
spellingShingle Ivan Rodriguez-Conde
Celso Campos
Florentino Fdez-Riverola
Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoT
Sensors
IoT
collaborative inference
deep neural networks
distributed computing
DNN splitting
task offloading
title Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoT
title_full Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoT
title_fullStr Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoT
title_full_unstemmed Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoT
title_short Horizontally Distributed Inference of Deep Neural Networks for AI-Enabled IoT
title_sort horizontally distributed inference of deep neural networks for ai enabled iot
topic IoT
collaborative inference
deep neural networks
distributed computing
DNN splitting
task offloading
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/4/1911
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