Bone defect management with tissue-engineered constructs based on deproteinized cancellous bone: an experimental study
Background Management of bone defects with autologous bone grafting has always been the "gold standard" but it is not always possible to use it for a number of reasons. Preprocessed materials of biological and non-biological origin were developed as an alternative. A new branch of these m...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Гений oртопедии |
| Subjects: |
| Summary: | Background Management of bone defects with autologous bone grafting has always been the "gold standard" but it is not always possible to use
it for a number of reasons. Preprocessed materials of biological and non-biological origin were developed as an alternative. A new branch of these materials
is tissue-engineered constructs that fully imitate autologous bone in required volume. Aim is to study in vivo the possibility of using deproteinized
human cancellous bone tissue as a matrix for creating tissue-engineered constructs. Methods The study was carried out on 24 NZW line rabbits, since
this line has a fully characterized stromal-vascular fraction formula (SVF). The study design included 3 groups. Fiкst group (control) had surgical
modeling of bone defects in the diaphysis of the contralateral femur without reconstruction; Group 2 had bone defect reconstruction using fragments
of a deproteinized cancellous bone graft; group 3 underwent bone defect reconstruction using fragments of deproteinized cancellous bone matrix along
with the autologous adipose tissue SVF (obtained according to ACP SVF technology). Animals were sacrificed with ether anesthesia at 2, 4 and 6 weeks
after the operation and subsequent histological study followed. Result During all periods of the study, the newly formed bone tissue volume density
in the 3rd group (reconstruction with deproteinized human cancellous bone + stromal-vascular fraction) was 1.78 times higher (p < 0.001) than in the first
group (bone defect without reconstruction), 1.21 times higher (p < 0.001) than in the 2nd group (reconstruction with deproteinized cancellous bone alone).
The dynamics of changes in the mature bone tissue volume density was similar to those of the newly formed bone tissue. Discussion The comparative
analysis of reparative processes using a tissue engeneered construst based on deproteinized cancellous human bone with adipose tissue stromal vascular
fraction revealed that the use of these bone substitute materials contributes not only to the early activation of reparative regeneration of the main
structural elements of bone tissue at the site of bone defect, but also their timely differentiation. Conclusion The use of deproteinized cancellous bone
matrix combined with stromal-vascular fraction to create a tissue-engineered construct could unleash several regeneration mechanisms and accelerate
the process of bone defect site repair, compared with 1st and 2nd group of study. |
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| ISSN: | 1028-4427 2542-131X |