The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials
The goal of the investigation is to produce a cement mortar for building units and a high-performance ceramic tile adhesive by using V autoclaved aerated concrete as a partial substitute for cement. The combination consists of sand, crushed limestone, and polymeric additives. The experimental proced...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Open Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0580 |
| _version_ | 1827283640947572736 |
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| author | Turki Samer Kareem Ibrahim Sarmad I. Almaamori Mohammed H. D. |
| author_facet | Turki Samer Kareem Ibrahim Sarmad I. Almaamori Mohammed H. D. |
| author_sort | Turki Samer Kareem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The goal of the investigation is to produce a cement mortar for building units and a high-performance ceramic tile adhesive by using V autoclaved aerated concrete as a partial substitute for cement. The combination consists of sand, crushed limestone, and polymeric additives. The experimental procedures were conducted utilizing contemporary laboratory equipment to facilitate the manufacturing of the product and the subsequent investigation of its characteristics, in accordance with the standards outlined in EN12004 and ASTM C1660. The laboratory tests carried out, which included splitting tensile strength, bonding strength, and open application duration, have demonstrated conformity to the product standards. The raw materials undergo many examinations prior to their utilization in the preparation process. The conducted tests encompassed chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and viscosity evaluation. These experiments aimed to ascertain the mixing ratios and determine the optimal quantity of water required for the preparation procedure. A thickness of 3 mm was employed, rendering it very cost-effective and environmentally sustainable due to the utilization of recycled resources. This particular adhesive possesses supplementary characteristics, such as its self-sufficiency on the site, since it is readily used without the need for extra materials, requiring only the addition of the necessary amount of water. Extensive research has been conducted on a range of mix designs and particle sizes for raw materials, together with varying proportions of additives, to determine the optimal ratio that satisfies both criteria and cost considerations. The adhesion strength of the building units was determined to be 7 N/mm2, surpassing the specified value in ASTM C1660. This indicates that the material is deemed successful and meets the required specifications for its application as a mortar for building units, as per the standard stating that an adhesion strength test exceeding 5 N/mm2 is necessary. The evaluation of the characteristics of the material employed as tile adhesive mortar was conducted in accordance with the EN1348 standard, revealing satisfactory compliance with all specified criteria. The application duration of the tile adhesive exceeds 25 min, while its tensile strength surpasses 10 N/mm2, thereby meeting the criteria for classification as a Class A tile adhesive. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:40:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0f5eca708f041dd951746c3b43459c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2391-5439 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:40:17Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0f5eca708f041dd951746c3b43459c62024-04-15T07:41:26ZengDe GruyterOpen Engineering2391-54392024-04-011414071510.1515/eng-2022-0580The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materialsTurki Samer Kareem0Ibrahim Sarmad I.1Almaamori Mohammed H. D.2Department of Materials Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10001, IraqDepartment of Materials Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10001, IraqDepartment of Civil Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 10001, IraqThe goal of the investigation is to produce a cement mortar for building units and a high-performance ceramic tile adhesive by using V autoclaved aerated concrete as a partial substitute for cement. The combination consists of sand, crushed limestone, and polymeric additives. The experimental procedures were conducted utilizing contemporary laboratory equipment to facilitate the manufacturing of the product and the subsequent investigation of its characteristics, in accordance with the standards outlined in EN12004 and ASTM C1660. The laboratory tests carried out, which included splitting tensile strength, bonding strength, and open application duration, have demonstrated conformity to the product standards. The raw materials undergo many examinations prior to their utilization in the preparation process. The conducted tests encompassed chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and viscosity evaluation. These experiments aimed to ascertain the mixing ratios and determine the optimal quantity of water required for the preparation procedure. A thickness of 3 mm was employed, rendering it very cost-effective and environmentally sustainable due to the utilization of recycled resources. This particular adhesive possesses supplementary characteristics, such as its self-sufficiency on the site, since it is readily used without the need for extra materials, requiring only the addition of the necessary amount of water. Extensive research has been conducted on a range of mix designs and particle sizes for raw materials, together with varying proportions of additives, to determine the optimal ratio that satisfies both criteria and cost considerations. The adhesion strength of the building units was determined to be 7 N/mm2, surpassing the specified value in ASTM C1660. This indicates that the material is deemed successful and meets the required specifications for its application as a mortar for building units, as per the standard stating that an adhesion strength test exceeding 5 N/mm2 is necessary. The evaluation of the characteristics of the material employed as tile adhesive mortar was conducted in accordance with the EN1348 standard, revealing satisfactory compliance with all specified criteria. The application duration of the tile adhesive exceeds 25 min, while its tensile strength surpasses 10 N/mm2, thereby meeting the criteria for classification as a Class A tile adhesive.https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0580sustainabilitywaste recycledtile adhesivecement mortarpolymer-modified mortar |
| spellingShingle | Turki Samer Kareem Ibrahim Sarmad I. Almaamori Mohammed H. D. The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials Open Engineering sustainability waste recycled tile adhesive cement mortar polymer-modified mortar |
| title | The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials |
| title_full | The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials |
| title_fullStr | The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials |
| title_short | The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials |
| title_sort | impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials |
| topic | sustainability waste recycled tile adhesive cement mortar polymer-modified mortar |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0580 |
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