The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing Process
The wire laser additive manufacturing (WLAM) process is considered a direct-energy deposition method that aims at addressing the need to produce large components having relatively simple geometrics at an affordable cost. This additive manufacturing (AM) process uses wires as raw materials instead of...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/12/1930 |
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| author | Maxim Bassis Abram Kotliar Rony Koltiar Tomer Ron Avi Leon Amnon Shirizly Eli Aghion |
| author_facet | Maxim Bassis Abram Kotliar Rony Koltiar Tomer Ron Avi Leon Amnon Shirizly Eli Aghion |
| author_sort | Maxim Bassis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The wire laser additive manufacturing (WLAM) process is considered a direct-energy deposition method that aims at addressing the need to produce large components having relatively simple geometrics at an affordable cost. This additive manufacturing (AM) process uses wires as raw materials instead of powders and is capable of reaching a deposition rate of up to 3 kg/h, compared with only 0.1 kg/h with common powder bed fusion (PBF) processes. Despite the attractiveness of the WLAM process, there has been only limited research on this technique. In particular, the stress corrosion properties of components produced by this technology have not been the subject of much study. The current study aims at evaluating the effect of a slow strain rate on the stress corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel produced by the WLAM process in comparison with its counterpart: AISI 316L alloy. Microstructure examination was carried out using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis, while the mechanical properties were evaluated using tensile strength and hardness measurements. The general corrosion resistance was examined by potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy analysis, while the stress corrosion performance was assessed by slow strain rate testing (SSRT) in a 3.5% NaCl solution at ambient temperature. The attained results highlight the inferior mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and stress corrosion performance, especially at a slow strain rate, of the WLAM samples compared with the regular AISI 316L alloy. The differences between the WLAM alloy and AISI 316L alloy were mainly attributed to their dissimilarities in terms of phase compositions, structural morphology and inherent defects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:34:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c0fc00936e5f4dc6b69743de839f83c8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:34:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-c0fc00936e5f4dc6b69743de839f83c82023-11-23T09:33:07ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-11-011112193010.3390/met11121930The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing ProcessMaxim Bassis0Abram Kotliar1Rony Koltiar2Tomer Ron3Avi Leon4Amnon Shirizly5Eli Aghion6Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, IsraelA. Kotliar Ltd., LWS Laser Welding Solutions, Haifa 26118, IsraelA. Kotliar Ltd., LWS Laser Welding Solutions, Haifa 26118, IsraelDepartment of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, IsraelDepartment of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, IsraelDepartment of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, IsraelDepartment of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, IsraelThe wire laser additive manufacturing (WLAM) process is considered a direct-energy deposition method that aims at addressing the need to produce large components having relatively simple geometrics at an affordable cost. This additive manufacturing (AM) process uses wires as raw materials instead of powders and is capable of reaching a deposition rate of up to 3 kg/h, compared with only 0.1 kg/h with common powder bed fusion (PBF) processes. Despite the attractiveness of the WLAM process, there has been only limited research on this technique. In particular, the stress corrosion properties of components produced by this technology have not been the subject of much study. The current study aims at evaluating the effect of a slow strain rate on the stress corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel produced by the WLAM process in comparison with its counterpart: AISI 316L alloy. Microstructure examination was carried out using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis, while the mechanical properties were evaluated using tensile strength and hardness measurements. The general corrosion resistance was examined by potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy analysis, while the stress corrosion performance was assessed by slow strain rate testing (SSRT) in a 3.5% NaCl solution at ambient temperature. The attained results highlight the inferior mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and stress corrosion performance, especially at a slow strain rate, of the WLAM samples compared with the regular AISI 316L alloy. The differences between the WLAM alloy and AISI 316L alloy were mainly attributed to their dissimilarities in terms of phase compositions, structural morphology and inherent defects.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/12/1930additive manufacturingdirect energy depositionwire laser additive manufacturing316L steelstress corrosion |
| spellingShingle | Maxim Bassis Abram Kotliar Rony Koltiar Tomer Ron Avi Leon Amnon Shirizly Eli Aghion The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing Process Metals additive manufacturing direct energy deposition wire laser additive manufacturing 316L steel stress corrosion |
| title | The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing Process |
| title_full | The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing Process |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing Process |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing Process |
| title_short | The Effect of a Slow Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by the Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing Process |
| title_sort | effect of a slow strain rate on the stress corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel produced by the wire laser additive manufacturing process |
| topic | additive manufacturing direct energy deposition wire laser additive manufacturing 316L steel stress corrosion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/12/1930 |
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