Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIV
Introduction: The increasing number of women acquiring Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has resulted in a ′feminization′ of the epidemic. In this article we are reviewing whether females are disadvantaged in the epidemic, due to factors independent of the biological differences in sexes. Material...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2010-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Global Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jgid.org/article.asp?issn=0974-777X;year=2010;volume=2;issue=1;spage=15;epage=27;aulast=Rodrigo |
| _version_ | 1819094480166322176 |
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| author | Chaturaka Rodrigo Senaka Rajapakse |
| author_facet | Chaturaka Rodrigo Senaka Rajapakse |
| author_sort | Chaturaka Rodrigo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The increasing number of women acquiring Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has resulted in a ′feminization′ of the epidemic. In this article we are reviewing whether females are disadvantaged in the epidemic, due to factors independent of the biological differences in sexes. Materials and Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for articles with key words ′Women′, ′Gender,′ and ′HIV′ in any field. The search was restricted to articles published in English within the last 10 years (1999-2009). Data were coded independently by two reviewers from 94 selected sources. The coded data were categorized under five commonly encountered concepts; violence, poverty, gender norms, prevention-/treatment-related issues, and Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Treatment (HAART). Results: The link between inter-partner violence (IPV) and HIV risk for women is observed by many authors. In assessing the link between poverty and HIV, indicators such as food insufficiency and income inequality may be better indicators compared to wealth itself. Although women are disadvantaged with male-dominated gender norms, evidence suggests that the traditional norms are changing in many societies. A positive association between living in urban communities, education, and better HIV knowledge has been observed in females, although it is not always synonymous with reduced risk behavior. Conclusions: Women are still disadvantaged in many HIV-related issues such as poverty, violence, and gender norms. At least in Africa, there is evidence of a positive change in spheres of education and gender norms. However, the situation in Asia is largely unexplored. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:28:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c102faca4aff4cb08926ffb06500075c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0974-777X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:28:04Z |
| publishDate | 2010-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Global Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-c102faca4aff4cb08926ffb06500075c2022-12-21T18:46:35ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Global Infectious Diseases0974-777X2010-01-0121152710.4103/0974-777X.59246Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIVChaturaka RodrigoSenaka RajapakseIntroduction: The increasing number of women acquiring Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has resulted in a ′feminization′ of the epidemic. In this article we are reviewing whether females are disadvantaged in the epidemic, due to factors independent of the biological differences in sexes. Materials and Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for articles with key words ′Women′, ′Gender,′ and ′HIV′ in any field. The search was restricted to articles published in English within the last 10 years (1999-2009). Data were coded independently by two reviewers from 94 selected sources. The coded data were categorized under five commonly encountered concepts; violence, poverty, gender norms, prevention-/treatment-related issues, and Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Treatment (HAART). Results: The link between inter-partner violence (IPV) and HIV risk for women is observed by many authors. In assessing the link between poverty and HIV, indicators such as food insufficiency and income inequality may be better indicators compared to wealth itself. Although women are disadvantaged with male-dominated gender norms, evidence suggests that the traditional norms are changing in many societies. A positive association between living in urban communities, education, and better HIV knowledge has been observed in females, although it is not always synonymous with reduced risk behavior. Conclusions: Women are still disadvantaged in many HIV-related issues such as poverty, violence, and gender norms. At least in Africa, there is evidence of a positive change in spheres of education and gender norms. However, the situation in Asia is largely unexplored.http://www.jgid.org/article.asp?issn=0974-777X;year=2010;volume=2;issue=1;spage=15;epage=27;aulast=RodrigoHIV/AIDSWomenGender |
| spellingShingle | Chaturaka Rodrigo Senaka Rajapakse Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIV Journal of Global Infectious Diseases HIV/AIDS Women Gender |
| title | Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIV |
| title_full | Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIV |
| title_fullStr | Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIV |
| title_full_unstemmed | Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIV |
| title_short | Looking at complicating non-biological issues in women with HIV |
| title_sort | looking at complicating non biological issues in women with hiv |
| topic | HIV/AIDS Women Gender |
| url | http://www.jgid.org/article.asp?issn=0974-777X;year=2010;volume=2;issue=1;spage=15;epage=27;aulast=Rodrigo |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chaturakarodrigo lookingatcomplicatingnonbiologicalissuesinwomenwithhiv AT senakarajapakse lookingatcomplicatingnonbiologicalissuesinwomenwithhiv |