Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism
Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR)-containing proteins in plants and animals mediate intracellular pathogen sensing. Plant NLRs typically detect strain-specific pathogen effectors and trigger immune responses often linked to localized host cell death. The barley Mla disease resi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2019-02-01
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| Series: | eLife |
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| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/44471 |
| _version_ | 1811253029685428224 |
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| author | Isabel ML Saur Saskia Bauer Barbara Kracher Xunli Lu Lamprinos Franzeskakis Marion C Müller Björn Sabelleck Florian Kümmel Ralph Panstruga Takaki Maekawa Paul Schulze-Lefert |
| author_facet | Isabel ML Saur Saskia Bauer Barbara Kracher Xunli Lu Lamprinos Franzeskakis Marion C Müller Björn Sabelleck Florian Kümmel Ralph Panstruga Takaki Maekawa Paul Schulze-Lefert |
| author_sort | Isabel ML Saur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR)-containing proteins in plants and animals mediate intracellular pathogen sensing. Plant NLRs typically detect strain-specific pathogen effectors and trigger immune responses often linked to localized host cell death. The barley Mla disease resistance locus has undergone extensive functional diversification in the host population and encodes numerous allelic NLRs each detecting a matching isolate-specific avirulence effector (AVRA) of the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). We report here the isolation of Bgh AVRa7, AVRa9, AVRa10, and AVRa22, which encode small secreted proteins recognized by allelic MLA7, MLA9, MLA10, and MLA22 receptors, respectively. These effectors are sequence-unrelated, except for allelic AVRa10 and AVRa22 that are co-maintained in pathogen populations in the form of a balanced polymorphism. Contrary to numerous examples of indirect recognition of bacterial effectors by plant NLRs, co-expression experiments with matching Mla-AVRa pairs indicate direct detection of the sequence-unrelated fungal effectors by MLA receptors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:44:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c130121c7d494603a609479323d359e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-084X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:44:34Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | eLife |
| spelling | doaj.art-c130121c7d494603a609479323d359e02022-12-22T03:24:39ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2019-02-01810.7554/eLife.44471Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanismIsabel ML Saur0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-1260Saskia Bauer1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4559-5063Barbara Kracher2Xunli Lu3Lamprinos Franzeskakis4Marion C Müller5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5594-2319Björn Sabelleck6Florian Kümmel7Ralph Panstruga8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3756-8957Takaki Maekawa9Paul Schulze-Lefert10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8978-1717Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, GermanyUnit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, GermanyDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandUnit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, GermanyUnit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, GermanyUnit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, GermanyDepartment of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Düsseldorf, GermanyNucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR)-containing proteins in plants and animals mediate intracellular pathogen sensing. Plant NLRs typically detect strain-specific pathogen effectors and trigger immune responses often linked to localized host cell death. The barley Mla disease resistance locus has undergone extensive functional diversification in the host population and encodes numerous allelic NLRs each detecting a matching isolate-specific avirulence effector (AVRA) of the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh). We report here the isolation of Bgh AVRa7, AVRa9, AVRa10, and AVRa22, which encode small secreted proteins recognized by allelic MLA7, MLA9, MLA10, and MLA22 receptors, respectively. These effectors are sequence-unrelated, except for allelic AVRa10 and AVRa22 that are co-maintained in pathogen populations in the form of a balanced polymorphism. Contrary to numerous examples of indirect recognition of bacterial effectors by plant NLRs, co-expression experiments with matching Mla-AVRa pairs indicate direct detection of the sequence-unrelated fungal effectors by MLA receptors.https://elifesciences.org/articles/44471plant innate immunityNLR receptoravirulence effectorpowdery mildewpathogen population |
| spellingShingle | Isabel ML Saur Saskia Bauer Barbara Kracher Xunli Lu Lamprinos Franzeskakis Marion C Müller Björn Sabelleck Florian Kümmel Ralph Panstruga Takaki Maekawa Paul Schulze-Lefert Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism eLife plant innate immunity NLR receptor avirulence effector powdery mildew pathogen population |
| title | Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism |
| title_full | Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism |
| title_fullStr | Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism |
| title_short | Multiple pairs of allelic MLA immune receptor-powdery mildew AVRA effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism |
| title_sort | multiple pairs of allelic mla immune receptor powdery mildew avra effectors argue for a direct recognition mechanism |
| topic | plant innate immunity NLR receptor avirulence effector powdery mildew pathogen population |
| url | https://elifesciences.org/articles/44471 |
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