The Role of T Cell Immunity in Monoclonal Gammopathy and Multiple Myeloma: From Immunopathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Approaches

The Role of T Cell Immunity in Monoclonal Gammopathy and Multiple Myeloma: From Immunopathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant growth of clonal plasma cells, typically arising from asymptomatic precursor conditions, namely monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM). Profound immunological dysfunctions and cytokine deregulation are known to character...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ivana Lagreca, Giovanni Riva, Vincenzo Nasillo, Patrizia Barozzi, Ilaria Castelli, Sabrina Basso, Francesca Bettelli, Davide Giusti, Angela Cuoghi, Paola Bresciani, Andrea Messerotti, Andrea Gilioli, Valeria Pioli, Corrado Colasante, Daniela Vallerini, Ambra Paolini, Monica Maccaferri, Francesca Donatelli, Fabio Forghieri, Monica Morselli, Elisabetta Colaci, Giovanna Leonardi, Roberto Marasca, Leonardo Potenza, Rossella Manfredini, Enrico Tagliafico, Tommaso Trenti, Patrizia Comoli, Mario Luppi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-05-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
MGUS
multiple myeloma
plasma cells
T cell immunity
tumor microenvironment
immunotherapy
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/9/5242
Description
Summary:Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant growth of clonal plasma cells, typically arising from asymptomatic precursor conditions, namely monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM). Profound immunological dysfunctions and cytokine deregulation are known to characterize the evolution of the disease, allowing immune escape and proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells. In the past decades, several studies have shown that the immune system can recognize MGUS and MM clonal cells, suggesting that anti-myeloma T cell immunity could be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. In line with this notion, chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is emerging as a novel treatment in MM, especially in the relapsed/refractory disease setting. In this review, we focus on the pivotal contribution of T cell impairment in the immunopathogenesis of plasma cell dyscrasias and, in particular, in the disease progression from MGUS to SMM and MM, highlighting the potentials of T cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches in these settings.
ISSN:1661-6596
1422-0067

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