Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday period
Abstract Background Emerging evidence suggests that children become fatter and less fit over the summer holidays but get leaner and fitter during the in-school period. This could be due to differences in diet and time use between these distinct periods. Few studies have tracked diet and time use acr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7671-7 |
| _version_ | 1818990659333259264 |
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| author | Amanda Watson Carol Maher Grant R. Tomkinson Rebecca Golley François Fraysse Dorothea Dumuid Hayley Lewthwaite Tim Olds |
| author_facet | Amanda Watson Carol Maher Grant R. Tomkinson Rebecca Golley François Fraysse Dorothea Dumuid Hayley Lewthwaite Tim Olds |
| author_sort | Amanda Watson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Emerging evidence suggests that children become fatter and less fit over the summer holidays but get leaner and fitter during the in-school period. This could be due to differences in diet and time use between these distinct periods. Few studies have tracked diet and time use across the summer holidays. This study will measure rates of change in fatness and fitness of children, initially in Grade 4 (age 9 years) across three successive years and relate these changes to changes in diet and time use between in-school and summer holiday periods. Methods Grade 4 Children attending Australian Government, Catholic and Independent schools in the Adelaide metropolitan area will be invited to participate, with the aim of recruiting 300 students in total. Diet will be reported by parents using the Automated Self-Administered 24-h Dietary Assessment Tool. Time use will be measured using 24-h wrist-worn accelerometry (GENEActiv) and self-reported by children using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults (e.g. chores, reading, sport). Measurement of diet and time use will occur at the beginning (Term 1) and end (Term 4) of each school year and during the summer holiday period. Fitness (20-m shuttle run and standing broad jump) and fatness (body mass index z-score, waist circumference, %body fat) will be measured at the beginning and end of each school year. Differences in rates of change in fitness and fatness during in-school and summer holiday periods will be calculated using model parameter estimate contrasts from linear mixed effects model. Model parameter estimate contrasts will be used to calculate differences in rates of change in outcomes by socioeconomic position (SEP), sex and weight status. Differences in rates of change of outcomes will be regressed against differences between in-school and summer holiday period diet and time use, using compositional data analysis. Analyses will adjust for age, sex, SEP, parenting style, weight status, and pubertal status, where appropriate. Discussion Findings from this project may inform new, potent avenues for intervention efforts aimed at addressing childhood fitness and fatness. Interventions focused on the home environment, or alternatively extension of the school environment may be warranted. Trial registration Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, identifier ACTRN12618002008202. Retrospectively registered on 14 December 2018. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:57:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c150000c94a24a9fb365ec6c63428555 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:57:53Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-c150000c94a24a9fb365ec6c634285552022-12-21T19:28:08ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582019-10-011911810.1186/s12889-019-7671-7Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday periodAmanda Watson0Carol Maher1Grant R. Tomkinson2Rebecca Golley3François Fraysse4Dorothea Dumuid5Hayley Lewthwaite6Tim Olds7Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaCollege of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders UniversityAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAlliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAbstract Background Emerging evidence suggests that children become fatter and less fit over the summer holidays but get leaner and fitter during the in-school period. This could be due to differences in diet and time use between these distinct periods. Few studies have tracked diet and time use across the summer holidays. This study will measure rates of change in fatness and fitness of children, initially in Grade 4 (age 9 years) across three successive years and relate these changes to changes in diet and time use between in-school and summer holiday periods. Methods Grade 4 Children attending Australian Government, Catholic and Independent schools in the Adelaide metropolitan area will be invited to participate, with the aim of recruiting 300 students in total. Diet will be reported by parents using the Automated Self-Administered 24-h Dietary Assessment Tool. Time use will be measured using 24-h wrist-worn accelerometry (GENEActiv) and self-reported by children using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults (e.g. chores, reading, sport). Measurement of diet and time use will occur at the beginning (Term 1) and end (Term 4) of each school year and during the summer holiday period. Fitness (20-m shuttle run and standing broad jump) and fatness (body mass index z-score, waist circumference, %body fat) will be measured at the beginning and end of each school year. Differences in rates of change in fitness and fatness during in-school and summer holiday periods will be calculated using model parameter estimate contrasts from linear mixed effects model. Model parameter estimate contrasts will be used to calculate differences in rates of change in outcomes by socioeconomic position (SEP), sex and weight status. Differences in rates of change of outcomes will be regressed against differences between in-school and summer holiday period diet and time use, using compositional data analysis. Analyses will adjust for age, sex, SEP, parenting style, weight status, and pubertal status, where appropriate. Discussion Findings from this project may inform new, potent avenues for intervention efforts aimed at addressing childhood fitness and fatness. Interventions focused on the home environment, or alternatively extension of the school environment may be warranted. Trial registration Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, identifier ACTRN12618002008202. Retrospectively registered on 14 December 2018.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7671-7Physical activitySedentary behaviourSleepDietUse of timeCompositional data analysis |
| spellingShingle | Amanda Watson Carol Maher Grant R. Tomkinson Rebecca Golley François Fraysse Dorothea Dumuid Hayley Lewthwaite Tim Olds Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday period BMC Public Health Physical activity Sedentary behaviour Sleep Diet Use of time Compositional data analysis |
| title | Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday period |
| title_full | Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday period |
| title_fullStr | Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday period |
| title_full_unstemmed | Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday period |
| title_short | Life on holidays: study protocol for a 3-year longitudinal study tracking changes in children’s fitness and fatness during the in-school versus summer holiday period |
| title_sort | life on holidays study protocol for a 3 year longitudinal study tracking changes in children s fitness and fatness during the in school versus summer holiday period |
| topic | Physical activity Sedentary behaviour Sleep Diet Use of time Compositional data analysis |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-019-7671-7 |
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