Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease, associated with a late diagnosis and a five-year survival rate of 8%. Currently available treatments fall short in improving the survival and quality of life of PDAC patients. The only possible curative option is still the surgical re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/3/567 |
| _version_ | 1811263127192338432 |
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| author | Ines A. Batista Sonia A. Melo |
| author_facet | Ines A. Batista Sonia A. Melo |
| author_sort | Ines A. Batista |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease, associated with a late diagnosis and a five-year survival rate of 8%. Currently available treatments fall short in improving the survival and quality of life of PDAC patients. The only possible curative option is still the surgical resection of the tumor. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to other cells, triggering phenotypic changes in the recipient cells. Tumor cells often secrete increased amounts of exosomes. Tumor exosomes are now accepted as important players in the remodeling of PDAC tumor stroma, particularly in the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This has sparked the interest in their usefulness as mediators of immunomodulatory effects for the treatment of PDAC. In fact, exosomes are now under study to understand their potential as nanocarriers to stimulate an immune response against cancer. This review highlights the latest findings regarding the function of exosomes in tumor-driven immunomodulation, and the challenges and advantages associated with the use of these vesicles to potentiate immunotherapy in PDAC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:39:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c152bb3cdd00412f8674bdea7523c7a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:39:06Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-c152bb3cdd00412f8674bdea7523c7a22022-12-22T03:19:09ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672019-01-0120356710.3390/ijms20030567ijms20030567Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic CancerInes A. Batista0Sonia A. Melo1Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, PortugalInstituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, PortugalPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease, associated with a late diagnosis and a five-year survival rate of 8%. Currently available treatments fall short in improving the survival and quality of life of PDAC patients. The only possible curative option is still the surgical resection of the tumor. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to other cells, triggering phenotypic changes in the recipient cells. Tumor cells often secrete increased amounts of exosomes. Tumor exosomes are now accepted as important players in the remodeling of PDAC tumor stroma, particularly in the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This has sparked the interest in their usefulness as mediators of immunomodulatory effects for the treatment of PDAC. In fact, exosomes are now under study to understand their potential as nanocarriers to stimulate an immune response against cancer. This review highlights the latest findings regarding the function of exosomes in tumor-driven immunomodulation, and the challenges and advantages associated with the use of these vesicles to potentiate immunotherapy in PDAC.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/3/567pancreatic cancerexosomesimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Ines A. Batista Sonia A. Melo Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer International Journal of Molecular Sciences pancreatic cancer exosomes immunotherapy |
| title | Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full | Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_short | Exosomes and the Future of Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_sort | exosomes and the future of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer |
| topic | pancreatic cancer exosomes immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/3/567 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT inesabatista exosomesandthefutureofimmunotherapyinpancreaticcancer AT soniaamelo exosomesandthefutureofimmunotherapyinpancreaticcancer |