Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal Approach
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to correlate the diagnostic criteria described in dermatoscopy, ultrasonography (US), ex vivo confocal microscopy, and histology to the most common subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective study including 46 BCC cases,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/1/39 |
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| author | Mircea Negrutiu Sorina Danescu Theodor Popa Monica Focșan Ștefan Cristian Vesa Adrian Baican |
| author_facet | Mircea Negrutiu Sorina Danescu Theodor Popa Monica Focșan Ștefan Cristian Vesa Adrian Baican |
| author_sort | Mircea Negrutiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: The aim of this study was to correlate the diagnostic criteria described in dermatoscopy, ultrasonography (US), ex vivo confocal microscopy, and histology to the most common subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective study including 46 BCC cases, which were analyzed with dermatoscopy using the Delta 30 dermatoscope and Vidix 4.0 videodermoscope, with US using a high-resolution 20 MHz linear probe, with confocal microscopy, along with histopathological analysis. (3) Results: This study categorized BCC by histological subtype, with nodular being the most common (84.8%) and various other subtypes represented. US measurements of tumor thickness correlated strongly with the histopathological depth of invasion index (DI). Dermatoscopy analysis revealed significant associations between specific features and BCC subtypes. The DI was directly related to arborized vessels but inversely related to short, fine telangiectasias, maple-leaf-like areas, and spoke-wheel areas. The presence of ulceration was directly related to the DI. Confocal microscopy images exhibited several characteristics, including fluorescence, nuclear crowding, peripheral palisading, clefting, increased nuclear–cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, and a “cauliflower-like” appearance. (4) Conclusion: The advanced detection of BCC through imagistic techniques like dermatoscopy, confocal microscopy, and ultrasound improves the diagnosis and may offer valuable insights for treatment in the future by evaluating lesion characteristics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:04:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c1552052a46f4b799cbba662cec33300 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:04:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-c1552052a46f4b799cbba662cec333002024-01-10T15:00:44ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-12-011313910.3390/jcm13010039Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal ApproachMircea Negrutiu0Sorina Danescu1Theodor Popa2Monica Focșan3Ștefan Cristian Vesa4Adrian Baican5Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Dermatology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Rehabilitation, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Functional Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Dermatology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania(1) Background: The aim of this study was to correlate the diagnostic criteria described in dermatoscopy, ultrasonography (US), ex vivo confocal microscopy, and histology to the most common subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective study including 46 BCC cases, which were analyzed with dermatoscopy using the Delta 30 dermatoscope and Vidix 4.0 videodermoscope, with US using a high-resolution 20 MHz linear probe, with confocal microscopy, along with histopathological analysis. (3) Results: This study categorized BCC by histological subtype, with nodular being the most common (84.8%) and various other subtypes represented. US measurements of tumor thickness correlated strongly with the histopathological depth of invasion index (DI). Dermatoscopy analysis revealed significant associations between specific features and BCC subtypes. The DI was directly related to arborized vessels but inversely related to short, fine telangiectasias, maple-leaf-like areas, and spoke-wheel areas. The presence of ulceration was directly related to the DI. Confocal microscopy images exhibited several characteristics, including fluorescence, nuclear crowding, peripheral palisading, clefting, increased nuclear–cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, and a “cauliflower-like” appearance. (4) Conclusion: The advanced detection of BCC through imagistic techniques like dermatoscopy, confocal microscopy, and ultrasound improves the diagnosis and may offer valuable insights for treatment in the future by evaluating lesion characteristics.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/1/39basal cell carcinomadermatoscopydepth of invasion indexultrasonographyex vivo confocal microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Mircea Negrutiu Sorina Danescu Theodor Popa Monica Focșan Ștefan Cristian Vesa Adrian Baican Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal Approach Journal of Clinical Medicine basal cell carcinoma dermatoscopy depth of invasion index ultrasonography ex vivo confocal microscopy |
| title | Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal Approach |
| title_full | Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal Approach |
| title_fullStr | Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal Approach |
| title_short | Advancements in Basal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis: Non-Invasive Imaging and Multimodal Approach |
| title_sort | advancements in basal cell carcinoma diagnosis non invasive imaging and multimodal approach |
| topic | basal cell carcinoma dermatoscopy depth of invasion index ultrasonography ex vivo confocal microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/1/39 |
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