Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of Procyanidins
This study evaluated the relationship between the neuroprotective effects of procyanidins and their structural characteristics. In vitro, a rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) was exposed to the grape seed-derived procyanidin monomers: catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and epicatechin gallate (ECG);...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/7/2308 |
| _version_ | 1827622954271244288 |
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| author | Juan Chen Yixuan Chen Yangfan Zheng Jiawen Zhao Huilin Yu Jiajin Zhu |
| author_facet | Juan Chen Yixuan Chen Yangfan Zheng Jiawen Zhao Huilin Yu Jiajin Zhu |
| author_sort | Juan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study evaluated the relationship between the neuroprotective effects of procyanidins and their structural characteristics. In vitro, a rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) was exposed to the grape seed-derived procyanidin monomers: catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and epicatechin gallate (ECG); the procyanidin dimers: procyanidin B1 (B1), procyanidin B2 (B2), procyanidin B3 (B3), procyanidin B4 (B4), procyanidin B1-3-<i>O</i>-gallate (B1-G), and procyanidin B2-3-<i>O</i>-gallate (B2-G); and the procyanidin trimers: procyanidin C1 (C1) and <i>N</i>-acetyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-cysteine (NAC) for 24 h. Cells were then incubated with 200 μM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> for 24 h. In vivo, zebrafish larvae (AB strain) 3 days post-fertilization were incubated with NAC or procyanidins (C, EC, ECG, B1, B2, B3, B4, B1-G, B2-G, C1) in 300 µM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> for 4 days. Different grape seed procyanidins increased the survival of PC12 cells challenged with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, improved the movement behavior disorder of zebrafish caused by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, inhibited the increase of ROS and MDA and the decrease of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD activities, and up-regulated the Nrf2/ARE pathway. The neuroprotective effects of the procyanidin trimer C1 treatment group were greater than the other treatment groups. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of procyanidins is positively correlated with their degree of polymerization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:36:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c15ed784fc27431e807685fc2248e960 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:36:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-c15ed784fc27431e807685fc2248e9602023-11-30T23:42:28ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-04-01277230810.3390/molecules27072308Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of ProcyanidinsJuan Chen0Yixuan Chen1Yangfan Zheng2Jiawen Zhao3Huilin Yu4Jiajin Zhu5Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaThis study evaluated the relationship between the neuroprotective effects of procyanidins and their structural characteristics. In vitro, a rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) was exposed to the grape seed-derived procyanidin monomers: catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and epicatechin gallate (ECG); the procyanidin dimers: procyanidin B1 (B1), procyanidin B2 (B2), procyanidin B3 (B3), procyanidin B4 (B4), procyanidin B1-3-<i>O</i>-gallate (B1-G), and procyanidin B2-3-<i>O</i>-gallate (B2-G); and the procyanidin trimers: procyanidin C1 (C1) and <i>N</i>-acetyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-cysteine (NAC) for 24 h. Cells were then incubated with 200 μM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> for 24 h. In vivo, zebrafish larvae (AB strain) 3 days post-fertilization were incubated with NAC or procyanidins (C, EC, ECG, B1, B2, B3, B4, B1-G, B2-G, C1) in 300 µM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> for 4 days. Different grape seed procyanidins increased the survival of PC12 cells challenged with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, improved the movement behavior disorder of zebrafish caused by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, inhibited the increase of ROS and MDA and the decrease of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD activities, and up-regulated the Nrf2/ARE pathway. The neuroprotective effects of the procyanidin trimer C1 treatment group were greater than the other treatment groups. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of procyanidins is positively correlated with their degree of polymerization.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/7/2308procyanidinsneuroprotectivePC12 cellszebrafishNrf2/ARE pathway |
| spellingShingle | Juan Chen Yixuan Chen Yangfan Zheng Jiawen Zhao Huilin Yu Jiajin Zhu Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of Procyanidins Molecules procyanidins neuroprotective PC12 cells zebrafish Nrf2/ARE pathway |
| title | Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of Procyanidins |
| title_full | Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of Procyanidins |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of Procyanidins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of Procyanidins |
| title_short | Relationship between Neuroprotective Effects and Structure of Procyanidins |
| title_sort | relationship between neuroprotective effects and structure of procyanidins |
| topic | procyanidins neuroprotective PC12 cells zebrafish Nrf2/ARE pathway |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/7/2308 |
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