A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes
Abstract Antibiotics are indispensable to infection management. However, use of antibiotics can cause gut microbiota dysbiosis, which has been linked to cognitive impairment by disrupting communication between the gut microbiota and the brain. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54553-4 |
| _version_ | 1797275095571365888 |
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| author | Yongqin Ye Hor Yee Kimberley Tong Wai Hong Chong Zhiqian Li Paul Kwong Hang Tam Daniel T. Baptista-Hon Olivia Monteiro |
| author_facet | Yongqin Ye Hor Yee Kimberley Tong Wai Hong Chong Zhiqian Li Paul Kwong Hang Tam Daniel T. Baptista-Hon Olivia Monteiro |
| author_sort | Yongqin Ye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Antibiotics are indispensable to infection management. However, use of antibiotics can cause gut microbiota dysbiosis, which has been linked to cognitive impairment by disrupting communication between the gut microbiota and the brain. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes. We have searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus for English publications before March 2023 following the PRISMA guidelines. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed in duplicate. 960 articles were screened and 16 studies which evaluated the effect of any antibiotic compared to no antibiotics or placebo were included. Case-reports, in vitro and animal studies were excluded. We found that antibiotic use was associated with worse cognitive outcomes with a pooled effect estimate of − 0.11 (95% CI − 0.15, − 0.07, Z = 5.45; P < 0.00001). Subgroup analyses performed on adult vs pediatric patients showed a similar association of antibiotic on cognition in both subgroups. Antibiotic treatment was not associated with worse cognition on subjects with existing cognitive impairment. On the other hand, antibiotic treatment on subjects with no prior cognitive impairment was associated with worse cognitive performance later in life. This calls for future well-designed and well-powered studies to investigate the impact of antibiotics on cognitive performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:09:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c16be70debd0462cae6265a9334753b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:09:28Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-c16be70debd0462cae6265a9334753b62024-03-05T18:46:31ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-02-0114111310.1038/s41598-024-54553-4A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomesYongqin Ye0Hor Yee Kimberley Tong1Wai Hong Chong2Zhiqian Li3Paul Kwong Hang Tam4Daniel T. Baptista-Hon5Olivia Monteiro6Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Macau University of Science and TechnologyFaculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong KongFaculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Macau University of Science and TechnologyFaculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Macau University of Science and TechnologyFaculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Macau University of Science and TechnologyFaculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Macau University of Science and TechnologyFaculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, Macau University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Antibiotics are indispensable to infection management. However, use of antibiotics can cause gut microbiota dysbiosis, which has been linked to cognitive impairment by disrupting communication between the gut microbiota and the brain. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes. We have searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus for English publications before March 2023 following the PRISMA guidelines. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed in duplicate. 960 articles were screened and 16 studies which evaluated the effect of any antibiotic compared to no antibiotics or placebo were included. Case-reports, in vitro and animal studies were excluded. We found that antibiotic use was associated with worse cognitive outcomes with a pooled effect estimate of − 0.11 (95% CI − 0.15, − 0.07, Z = 5.45; P < 0.00001). Subgroup analyses performed on adult vs pediatric patients showed a similar association of antibiotic on cognition in both subgroups. Antibiotic treatment was not associated with worse cognition on subjects with existing cognitive impairment. On the other hand, antibiotic treatment on subjects with no prior cognitive impairment was associated with worse cognitive performance later in life. This calls for future well-designed and well-powered studies to investigate the impact of antibiotics on cognitive performance.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54553-4 |
| spellingShingle | Yongqin Ye Hor Yee Kimberley Tong Wai Hong Chong Zhiqian Li Paul Kwong Hang Tam Daniel T. Baptista-Hon Olivia Monteiro A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes Scientific Reports |
| title | A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes |
| title_full | A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes |
| title_fullStr | A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes |
| title_short | A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of long-term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes |
| title_sort | systematic review and meta analysis of the effects of long term antibiotic use on cognitive outcomes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54553-4 |
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