High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores
<p>Records of chemical impurities from ice cores enable us to reconstruct the past deposition of aerosols onto polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Through this they allow us to gain insight into changes of the source, transport and deposition processes that ultimately determine the depositio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Earth System Science Data |
| Online Access: | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1215/2022/essd-14-1215-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818271314325012480 |
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| author | T. Erhardt T. Erhardt M. Bigler U. Federer G. Gfeller D. Leuenberger O. Stowasser R. Röthlisberger S. Schüpbach U. Ruth U. Ruth B. Twarloh A. Wegner K. Goto-Azuma K. Goto-Azuma T. Kuramoto T. Kuramoto H. A. Kjær P. T. Vallelonga M.-L. Siggaard-Andersen M. E. Hansson A. K. Benton A. K. Benton L. G. Fleet R. Mulvaney E. R. Thomas N. Abram T. F. Stocker H. Fischer |
| author_facet | T. Erhardt T. Erhardt M. Bigler U. Federer G. Gfeller D. Leuenberger O. Stowasser R. Röthlisberger S. Schüpbach U. Ruth U. Ruth B. Twarloh A. Wegner K. Goto-Azuma K. Goto-Azuma T. Kuramoto T. Kuramoto H. A. Kjær P. T. Vallelonga M.-L. Siggaard-Andersen M. E. Hansson A. K. Benton A. K. Benton L. G. Fleet R. Mulvaney E. R. Thomas N. Abram T. F. Stocker H. Fischer |
| author_sort | T. Erhardt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Records of chemical impurities from ice cores enable us to reconstruct the past deposition of aerosols onto polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers.
Through this they allow us to gain insight into changes of the source, transport and deposition processes that ultimately determine the deposition flux at the coring location. However, the low concentrations of the aerosol species in the ice and the resulting high risk of contamination pose a formidable analytical challenge, especially if long, continuous and highly resolved records are needed. Continuous flow analysis, CFA, the continuous melting, decontamination and analysis of ice-core samples has mostly overcome this issue and has quickly become the de facto standard to obtain high-resolution aerosol records from ice cores after its inception at the University of Bern in the mid-1990s.</p>
<p>Here, we present continuous records of calcium (<span class="inline-formula">Ca<sup>2+</sup></span>), sodium (<span class="inline-formula">Na<sup>+</sup></span>), ammonium (<span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow class="chem"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">NH</mi><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24pt" height="15pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="f83a9f1907f38a5589c34b239e10518b"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00001.svg" width="24pt" height="15pt" src="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>), nitrate (<span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow class="chem"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">NO</mi><mn mathvariant="normal">3</mn><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25pt" height="16pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="e16cba38499a6a16cb1a10e488ec56da"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00002.svg" width="25pt" height="16pt" src="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>) and electrolytic conductivity at 1 mm depth resolution from the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) and NEEM (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling) ice cores produced by the Bern Continuous Flow Analysis group in the years 2000 to 2011 <span class="cit" id="xref_paren.1">(<a href="#bib1.bibx12">Erhardt et al.</a>, <a href="#bib1.bibx12">2021</a>)</span>. Both of the records were previously used in a number of studies but were never published in full 1 mm resolution. Alongside the 1 mm datasets we provide decadal averages, a detailed description of the methods, relevant references, an assessment of the quality of the data and its usable resolution. Along the way we will also give some historical context on the development of the Bern CFA system.</p>
<p>The data is available in full 1 mm and 10-year-averaged resolution on PANGAEA (<span class="uri">https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.935838</span>, <span class="cit" id="xref_altparen.2"><a href="#bib1.bibx12">Erhardt et al.</a>, <a href="#bib1.bibx12">2021</a></span>)</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:24:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c1753d31a5c2413181b3cbcb9d0087b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1866-3508 1866-3516 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T21:24:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth System Science Data |
| spelling | doaj.art-c1753d31a5c2413181b3cbcb9d0087b52022-12-22T00:11:30ZengCopernicus PublicationsEarth System Science Data1866-35081866-35162022-03-01141215123110.5194/essd-14-1215-2022High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice coresT. Erhardt0T. Erhardt1M. Bigler2U. Federer3G. Gfeller4D. Leuenberger5O. Stowasser6R. Röthlisberger7S. Schüpbach8U. Ruth9U. Ruth10B. Twarloh11A. Wegner12K. Goto-Azuma13K. Goto-Azuma14T. Kuramoto15T. Kuramoto16H. A. Kjær17P. T. Vallelonga18M.-L. Siggaard-Andersen19M. E. Hansson20A. K. Benton21A. K. Benton22L. G. Fleet23R. Mulvaney24E. R. Thomas25N. Abram26T. F. Stocker27H. Fischer28Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Science, Bremerhaven, GermanyClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Science, Bremerhaven, GermanyRobert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Research, Stuttgart, GermanyAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Science, Bremerhaven, GermanyAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Science, Bremerhaven, GermanyNational Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Polar Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tokyo, JapanNational Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Human Development, School of Humanities and Culture, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, JapanSection for the Physics of Ice, Climate and Earth, The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkSection for the Physics of Ice, Climate and Earth, The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkSection for Geogenetics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Physical Geography, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, SwedenBritish Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UKDepartment for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, UK Government, London, UKBritish Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UKBritish Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UKBritish Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UKResearch School of Earth Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Australian National University, Canberra, AustraliaClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland<p>Records of chemical impurities from ice cores enable us to reconstruct the past deposition of aerosols onto polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Through this they allow us to gain insight into changes of the source, transport and deposition processes that ultimately determine the deposition flux at the coring location. However, the low concentrations of the aerosol species in the ice and the resulting high risk of contamination pose a formidable analytical challenge, especially if long, continuous and highly resolved records are needed. Continuous flow analysis, CFA, the continuous melting, decontamination and analysis of ice-core samples has mostly overcome this issue and has quickly become the de facto standard to obtain high-resolution aerosol records from ice cores after its inception at the University of Bern in the mid-1990s.</p> <p>Here, we present continuous records of calcium (<span class="inline-formula">Ca<sup>2+</sup></span>), sodium (<span class="inline-formula">Na<sup>+</sup></span>), ammonium (<span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow class="chem"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">NH</mi><mn mathvariant="normal">4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24pt" height="15pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="f83a9f1907f38a5589c34b239e10518b"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00001.svg" width="24pt" height="15pt" src="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>), nitrate (<span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow class="chem"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">NO</mi><mn mathvariant="normal">3</mn><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25pt" height="16pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="e16cba38499a6a16cb1a10e488ec56da"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00002.svg" width="25pt" height="16pt" src="essd-14-1215-2022-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span>) and electrolytic conductivity at 1 mm depth resolution from the NGRIP (North Greenland Ice Core Project) and NEEM (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling) ice cores produced by the Bern Continuous Flow Analysis group in the years 2000 to 2011 <span class="cit" id="xref_paren.1">(<a href="#bib1.bibx12">Erhardt et al.</a>, <a href="#bib1.bibx12">2021</a>)</span>. Both of the records were previously used in a number of studies but were never published in full 1 mm resolution. Alongside the 1 mm datasets we provide decadal averages, a detailed description of the methods, relevant references, an assessment of the quality of the data and its usable resolution. Along the way we will also give some historical context on the development of the Bern CFA system.</p> <p>The data is available in full 1 mm and 10-year-averaged resolution on PANGAEA (<span class="uri">https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.935838</span>, <span class="cit" id="xref_altparen.2"><a href="#bib1.bibx12">Erhardt et al.</a>, <a href="#bib1.bibx12">2021</a></span>)</p>https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1215/2022/essd-14-1215-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | T. Erhardt T. Erhardt M. Bigler U. Federer G. Gfeller D. Leuenberger O. Stowasser R. Röthlisberger S. Schüpbach U. Ruth U. Ruth B. Twarloh A. Wegner K. Goto-Azuma K. Goto-Azuma T. Kuramoto T. Kuramoto H. A. Kjær P. T. Vallelonga M.-L. Siggaard-Andersen M. E. Hansson A. K. Benton A. K. Benton L. G. Fleet R. Mulvaney E. R. Thomas N. Abram T. F. Stocker H. Fischer High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores Earth System Science Data |
| title | High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores |
| title_full | High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores |
| title_fullStr | High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores |
| title_short | High-resolution aerosol concentration data from the Greenland NorthGRIP and NEEM deep ice cores |
| title_sort | high resolution aerosol concentration data from the greenland northgrip and neem deep ice cores |
| url | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1215/2022/essd-14-1215-2022.pdf |
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