Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against Stress
Isoprene, a lipophilic and unstable compound with the chemical formula C5H8, is transported to plant chloroplasts via the 2-C-methyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which relies on photosynthesis. Although only about 20% of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/15/1/13 |
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| author | Perumalla Srikanth Ann Maxton Sam A. Masih Adriano Sofo Nafees A. Khan |
| author_facet | Perumalla Srikanth Ann Maxton Sam A. Masih Adriano Sofo Nafees A. Khan |
| author_sort | Perumalla Srikanth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Isoprene, a lipophilic and unstable compound with the chemical formula C5H8, is transported to plant chloroplasts via the 2-C-methyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which relies on photosynthesis. Although only about 20% of terrestrial plants can synthesize isoprene, those that emit it are more adaptable to oxidative and thermal stresses. To shed light on the still-elusive protective mechanism of isoprene, numerous investigations have been conducted. Isoprene has been shown to react with and quench various reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen (1O2). Its reduced state and conjugated double bonds suggest that it functions as an antioxidant, although this has yet to be conclusively proven. Despite its low abundance relative to other molecules in plant tissues, recent research has explored several potential roles for isoprene including acting as a scavenger of ROS by serving as an antioxidant; strengthening cell membranes; modulating genomic, proteomic and metabolomic profiles; signaling stress responses among neighboring plants compared with other volatile organic compounds (VOCs); regulating metabolic fluxes of hormones produced through the MEP pathway; or even functioning as a free developmental hormone. Future prospective studies, such as identifying the specific receptors for VOCs along with transcription factors (TFs) and other regulatory proteins participating in the signaling pathways and also metabolomic, transcriptomic and physiological analyses could help in comprehending VOC-induced defense responses in plants under stress conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:10:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-c193ea2cd717460b841b432b5fef8cab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2037-0164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:10:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-c193ea2cd717460b841b432b5fef8cab2024-03-27T13:46:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Plant Biology2037-01642024-02-0115116117410.3390/ijpb15010013Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against StressPerumalla Srikanth0Ann Maxton1Sam A. Masih2Adriano Sofo3Nafees A. Khan4Amity Institute of Horticulture Studies and Research, Amity University, Noida 201303, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, IndiaDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, IndiaDepartment of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, Cultural Heritage (DiCEM), University of Basilicata, 75100 Matera, ItalyPlant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, IndiaIsoprene, a lipophilic and unstable compound with the chemical formula C5H8, is transported to plant chloroplasts via the 2-C-methyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which relies on photosynthesis. Although only about 20% of terrestrial plants can synthesize isoprene, those that emit it are more adaptable to oxidative and thermal stresses. To shed light on the still-elusive protective mechanism of isoprene, numerous investigations have been conducted. Isoprene has been shown to react with and quench various reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen (1O2). Its reduced state and conjugated double bonds suggest that it functions as an antioxidant, although this has yet to be conclusively proven. Despite its low abundance relative to other molecules in plant tissues, recent research has explored several potential roles for isoprene including acting as a scavenger of ROS by serving as an antioxidant; strengthening cell membranes; modulating genomic, proteomic and metabolomic profiles; signaling stress responses among neighboring plants compared with other volatile organic compounds (VOCs); regulating metabolic fluxes of hormones produced through the MEP pathway; or even functioning as a free developmental hormone. Future prospective studies, such as identifying the specific receptors for VOCs along with transcription factors (TFs) and other regulatory proteins participating in the signaling pathways and also metabolomic, transcriptomic and physiological analyses could help in comprehending VOC-induced defense responses in plants under stress conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/15/1/132-C-Methyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">d</span>-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathwaymoleculeplantstressVOC |
| spellingShingle | Perumalla Srikanth Ann Maxton Sam A. Masih Adriano Sofo Nafees A. Khan Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against Stress International Journal of Plant Biology 2-C-Methyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">d</span>-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway molecule plant stress VOC |
| title | Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against Stress |
| title_full | Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against Stress |
| title_fullStr | Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against Stress |
| title_short | Isoprene: An Antioxidant to Guard Plants against Stress |
| title_sort | isoprene an antioxidant to guard plants against stress |
| topic | 2-C-Methyl-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">d</span>-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway molecule plant stress VOC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/15/1/13 |
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